Founders & Quality History and Six Sigma Overview
Studied by 0 people
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt Play1/99
Earn XP
Description and Tags
A set of flashcards designed to help review key concepts and terminology related to quality management, Six Sigma, Lean methodologies, and statistical analysis.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
|---|
No study sessions yet.
100 Terms
Who is the Father of Six Sigma?
Bill Smith.
Who coined the term Six Sigma?
Bill Smith.
Who developed the MAIC process that evolved into DMAIC?
Mikel Harry.
Who launched Motorola’s formal Six Sigma program?
Bob Galvin.
Who created the 4 Absolutes of Quality?
Philip Crosby.
What philosophy is Philip Crosby known for?
Zero Defects.
Who created Control Charts?
Walter Shewhart.
What cycle did Shewhart inspire?
PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act).
Who introduced organizational departmentalization?
Alfred P. Sloan.
Who created the Quality Trilogy?
Joseph Juran.
What are the three components of Juran’s Quality Trilogy?
Quality Planning, Quality Control, Quality Improvement.
Who is known for the 14 Points of Management?
W. Edwards Deming.
Who emphasized that most quality problems are due to management?
Deming.
Who created the Fishbone Diagram?
Kaoru Ishikawa.
What else is Ishikawa known for besides the Fishbone Diagram?
Quality circles.
Who developed the Taguchi Loss Function?
Genichi Taguchi.
What did the Taguchi Loss Function emphasize?
Quality loss increases as output deviates from target.
Who invented interchangeable parts?
Eli Whitney.
Who developed the flow-based assembly line?
Henry Ford.
Who coined the term “Lean”?
John Krafcik.
Who created SMED (Single-Minute Exchange of Die)?
Shigeo Shingo.
Who created Poka-Yoke?
Shigeo Shingo.
Who introduced Jidoka?
Sakichi Toyoda.
Who is the architect of the Toyota Production System (TPS)?
Taiichi Ohno.
Who created the 5 Whys?
Taiichi Ohno.
Who identified the 7 wastes?
Taiichi Ohno.
What does DMAIC stand for?
Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control.
What is the goal of the Define phase?
Clarify the problem, goal, scope, customers, and team.
What documents are created in Define?
Project Charter, SIPOC, Problem Statement, Stakeholder Analysis.
What does a Problem Statement answer?
What, Where, When, How Big.
What is VOC?
Voice of the Customer.
What is CTQ?
Critical to Quality requirement.
What is the goal of the Measure phase?
Establish the baseline and identify process performance.
What tool collects raw data in Measure?
Check Sheet.
What is the purpose of a Process Map?
Visualize steps and identify problem areas.
What is the goal of the Analyze phase?
Identify and validate root causes.
What is the purpose of the 5 Whys?
Identify underlying root causes.
What is the purpose of a Fishbone Diagram?
Organize potential root causes by category.
What is the goal of the Improve phase?
Implement solutions that address validated root causes.
What is a PICK chart used for?
Prioritizing solutions by effort and impact.
What is a pilot test?
A small-scale trial of a proposed solution.
What is the goal of the Control phase?
Sustain improvements and prevent regression.
What is included in a Control Plan?
Monitoring method, frequency, owner, reaction plan.
Why update SOPs in Control?
To standardize the improved process.
What is the main focus of Lean?
Eliminating waste.
What are the 3 forms of waste?
Muda, Mura, Muri.
What does JIT stand for?
Just-In-Time.
What is Jidoka?
Automation that stops when a defect occurs.
What is Poka-Yoke?
Mistake-proofing.
What is one-piece flow?
Moving one unit at a time through the process.
What is Heijunka?
Level loading/scheduling.
What is a Spaghetti Diagram used for?
Tracking operator movement to identify waste.
What is Takt Time?
The pace required to meet customer demand.
What is the main focus of Six Sigma?
Reducing variation and defects.
What does achieving Six Sigma quality mean?
3.4 defects per million opportunities.
What is the sigma shift used in Six Sigma?
1.5 sigma long-term drift assumption.
What are the types of data?
Continuous and categorical.
What are the 7 Basic Quality Tools?
Check Sheet, Histogram, Pareto Chart, Fishbone Diagram, Scatter Plot, Run Chart, Control Chart.
What is the purpose of a Pareto Chart?
Identify the vital few causes.
What is the purpose of Histograms?
Show data distribution and variation.
What does a Control Chart show?
Whether a process is stable.
What is the role of a Project Sponsor?
Provides strategic support and resources.
What is the role of a Champion?
Ensures alignment with organizational goals.
What is the role of a Process Owner?
Owns and manages the process.
What is the role of the Project Manager?
Leads the team and executes DMAIC.
What is an SME?
Subject Matter Expert.
What does R stand for in RACI?
Responsible.
What does A stand for in RACI?
Accountable.
What does C stand for in RACI?
Consulted.
What does I stand for in RACI?
Informed.
What are the Six Sigma belts?
White, Yellow, Green, Black, Master Black.
What are the 5 Tuckman team stages?
Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Transforming.
What happens in the Forming stage?
Team members get oriented.
What happens in the Storming stage?
Conflict and disagreement occur.
What happens in the Norming stage?
Team cohesion develops.
What happens in the Performing stage?
Team works effectively and efficiently.
What happens in the Transforming stage?
Team disbands or transitions.
What is a Type I error?
False positive.
What is a Type II error?
False negative.
What is the usual significance level used in hypothesis testing?
0.05.
What are the 3 measures of central tendency?
Mean, Median, Mode.
What are the 3 measures of spread?
Range, Variance, Standard Deviation.
What is a normal distribution?
A bell-shaped symmetric distribution.
What does a skewed distribution indicate?
Data shifted toward one side.
What does a bimodal distribution indicate?
Two different process influences.
What is RCA?
Root Cause Analysis.
What is the 5 Whys method used for?
Identifying root cause by repeatedly asking 'Why?'.
What is a Cause-and-Effect Diagram?
A tool for categorizing potential causes.
What categories are used in a Fishbone Diagram?
Man, Machine, Method, Material, Measurement, Mother Nature.
What is an Affinity Diagram?
A tool for grouping related ideas.
What is a PICK chart?
A tool for solution prioritization.
What does PICK stand for?
Possible, Implement, Challenge, Kill.
What is the purpose of piloting a solution?
Test feasibility before full implementation.
What is a Future-State Map?
A redesigned process map for improvement.
Why update the FMEA in Improve?
To reassess risks with new solutions.
What is a Control Plan?
A document describing how a process will be monitored.
What is the purpose of training in the Control phase?
Ensure operators follow the new process consistently.
Why use a Control Chart in Control?
To verify the process remains stable over time.
Why update SOPs after improvements?
To standardize the improved process.
What is the purpose of Lessons Learned?
Capture insights for future projects.