POLS 114

democracy and diversity

**Embodying diversity: problems and paradoxes for Black feminists**

Sara Ahmed

The Dynamics of Democratic Exclusion

Charles Taylor

The Apology

Plato

Direct Democracy and Puritan theory of membership

Joshua Miller

Trial of _________

Anne Hutchinson

Liberal Society and the Indian Question

Robin

A Desire for Land but Not People: Herrenvolk Democracy and the Violent Legacies of the Mexican-American War

Beltran

Immigrant America? How Foreignness "Solves" Democracy's Problems

Honing

Color of law

Richard Rothstien

Race for Profit

Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor

Punishment and Inclusion

Andrew Dilts

Workplace Democracy

Sweeney

Five Faces of Opression

Iris Marion Young

Diversity is seen as a virtue but often only indicates the presence of nonwhites in a space rather than more significant factors like how much they are able to contribute to or influence those spaces

Embodying Diversity by Ahmed

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The image of the angry black feminist is needed to create change because by expressing contentment and gratitude as expected by POC, it gives the impression that the POC are satisfied with the status quo when they are not

Embodying Diversity by Ahmed 

Whiteness is the norm and nonwhites are expected to be grateful to be included in their spaces

Embodying Diversity by Ahmed 

Organizational culture;

Whiteness is the norm and nonwhites are expected to be grateful to be included in their spaces

Embodying Diversity by Ahmed 

Have to be angry in order to make change happen even if it is seen as disruptive and unproductive for white feminism

Embodying Diversity by Ahmed 

By engaging in a system, you become that system

the apology, plato

Plato was simply questioning them, not alleging anything

the apology, plato

Antidemocratic tendencies

apology, plato

Corruption of youth

apology, plato

atheism

apology, plato

Members needed to demonstrate their worth in order to be accepted, and they were only a member of that specific church

Direct Democracy and Puritan theory of membership, Joshua Miller

It appears that democracy inherently needs to exclude, as we would need to vet citizens as well as we vet politicians

Direct Democracy and Puritan theory of membership, Joshua Miller

Sexism and biases can be very damaging in direct democracies

Trial of Anne Hutchinson

Removal of unfit people is necessary in direct democracies

Trial of Anne Hutchinson

Those who challenge authority in direct democracy are dangers to it

Trial of Anne Hutchinson

They thought natives were child-like and needed to be civilized

Liberal Society and the Indian Question, Rogin

Whites needed to expand to keep up with growing needs of expansionism

Liberal Society and the Indian Question, Rogin 

Whites stacked the deck against natives and then gave them “free choice”

Liberal Society and the Indian Question, Rogin 

Used natives to engage in behavior not allowed in liberal society

Liberal Society and the Indian Question, Rogin 

Whites believed Mexicans were incapable of democracy

Cruelty as Citizenship, Beltran

Expansion was stopped by realization that they would need to include Mexicans, and so they stopped expanding and began work to assimilate the Mexicans in the US

Cruelty as Citizenship, Beltran

Mexicans were legally white but socially non-white, and this was non-democratic

Cruelty as Citizenship, Beltran

1) class mobility

Immigrant American? How Forgiveness “Solves” Democracy’s Problem, Honing

2) immigrants engage in community building and sustaining

Immigrant American? How Forgiveness “Solves” Democracy’s Problem, Honing

3) patriarchal family focus

Immigrant American? How Forgiveness “Solves” Democracy’s Problem, Honing

4) immigrants show that the social contract is real because they literally sign papers

Immigrant American? How Forgiveness “Solves” Democracy’s Problem, Honing

5th myth: immigrants promote democracy, not the state, and citizenship is not given to you but is the act of demanding changes

Immigrant American? How Forgiveness “Solves” Democracy’s Problem, Honing

Rejects argument that segregation resulted from private practices

The Color of Law - A Forgotten History Of How Our Government Segregated America, Rothstein

Public policy, law, and other specific government actions have intended to prevent African Americans and whites from living among one another

The Color of Law - A Forgotten History Of How Our Government Segregated America, Rothstein 

These policies and laws are unconstitutional

The Color of Law - A Forgotten History Of How Our Government Segregated America, Rothstein 

De facto

That is a product of private practices, not from law or government

The Color of Law - A Forgotten History Of How Our Government Segregated America, Rothstein 

de jure

From the law and public policy

The Color of Law - A Forgotten History Of How Our Government Segregated America, Rothstein 

Felon disenfranchisement makes felons - who are predominantly BIPOC - excluded from democracy

Punishment and Inclusion, Dilts

Even those who are not felons are shaped by disenfranchisement because there is an understanding that at any moment your democratic rights can be taken away

Punishment and Inclusion, Dilts

banks and real estate industry as a whole undermined Black home ownership via U.S. housing policies related to the FHA housing when the HUD ended redlining. 

Race for Profit, Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor

“predatory inclusion” African American homebuyers were granted access to conventional estate practices and mortgage financing on more expensive and unequal terms

Race for Profit, Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor

Unions are good for workers, good for our communities and economy, and good for democracy, but they are stopped by companies

Democracy Workplace, Sweeney

Lack of union participation as a means to demonstrate undemocratic practices.

Democracy Workplace, Sweeney

Exploitation

Social division of labor: Steady process of transferring results of labor from one group to another

Five Faces, Iris Marion Young

Marginalization

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Social division of labor: Relegation to being people that the system of labor cannot or will not use

Five Faces, Iris Marion Young

Powerlessness

Social division of labor: Power is stolen from groups and given to others because opportunities are stolen

Five Faces, Iris Marion Young

Cultural imperialism

Universalizing dominant groups attributes, marking a group as other, stereotyping them, and marking them as invisible

Five Faces, Iris Marion Young

Violence

Oppressed people are subject to random, unprovoked attacks to their person or property for no other reason than hatred. Even when this does not happen, there is a fear that they have specifically due to their membership in a group

Five Faces, Iris Marion Young