The Progressive Era/Movement Review

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Progress

Moving forward or improving something — making positive changes that help people and society become better.

Progressives

People who sought to address issues like corruption, unfair working conditions, and inequality.

Muckrakers

Reformers who exposed corruption and problems in society.

Lincoln Steffens

One of the first muckrakers to report on the evils of society, exposing corrupt city officials.

Ida Tarbell

Investigated and exposed the unfair business practices of John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company.

Upton Sinclair

The most famous muckraker who wrote The Jungle, exposing unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry.

Pure Food and Drug Act

Legislation that resulted from public outrage over conditions in the meatpacking industry as exposed by Upton Sinclair.

Meat Inspection Act

Legislation that was influenced by Upton Sinclair's revelations about the meatpacking industry.

Jacob Riis

Muckraker who exposed the harsh realities of slum life through public photo presentations.

Sherman Antitrust Act

Legislation that helped break up Rockefeller's Standard Oil monopoly due to Ida Tarbell's reporting.

Booker T. Washington

Focused on how newly freed African Americans could gain education, job skills, and social respect.

Tuskegee Institute

Established by Booker T. Washington to promote both academic and trade education.

W.E.B. Dubois

Fought against racism and inequality, and helped create the NAACP.

Niagara Movement

A movement founded by W.E.B. Dubois to fight for civil rights.

Alice Paul

Fought for gender equality and women's right to vote, organizing protests and leading hunger strikes.

National Woman's Party

Founded by Alice Paul to advocate for women's suffrage.

Jane Addams

Worked to provide the poor with shelter, education, and opportunities for improvement.

Twenty Years at Hull House

Book written by Jane Addams describing her experiences establishing a settlement house.

Gifford Pinchot

Promoted a balanced approach between total forest preservation and destructive industrial logging.

Gifford Pinchot

He became the first chief of the U.S. Forest Service, significantly expanding national forest lands, and later served two non-consecutive terms as Pennsylvania's governor.

Carrie Nation

She fought for temperance, highlighting the harmful impact of alcohol on individuals and families.

Carrie Nation's Protests

She attacked saloons with a hatchet, using her small stature and gender norms to her advantage, as men were unlikely to retaliate.

Mother Jones

She devoted her life to the support of worker's rights and non-child labor.

Ida B. Wells

She spent her life fighting for the rights of Black Americans and women.

Ida B. Wells' Journalism

She wrote about the horrors of lynching against black people and debunked false rumors against the lynching of black people, proving it was due to white supremacy.

Robert La Follette

He fought for equality in economic, political, and social areas.

Robert La Follette

He introduced the first direct primary law, supported tax reform, and spoke out against social injustice nationwide.

William Howard Taft

He was president for 1 term, handpicked to be successor to TR, and was the largest president at 350 lb.

Taft's Presidency

He was very unsocial, almost the opposite of TR's personality, and said the White House was the loneliest place he'd ever been.

Taft's Supreme Court Justice

6-7 years after his presidency, he became justice of the supreme court.

Taft's Progressive Reform

Taft made even more Progressive Reform than TR, increasing regulation of industry and busting twice as many trusts as Roosevelt.

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

Taft increased regulation of industry especially after the triangle shirtwaist fire disaster.

Interstate Commerce Commission

He expanded the power of the interstate commerce commission so that it could regulate shipping costs.

Child Labor

Taft got laborers an 8-hour work day and regulated child labor.

Republican Split

Taft alienated many of his supporters by favoring lowering of tariffs and allowing land set aside for preservation to be sold to big business.

Progressive or Bull Moose Party

Roosevelt was so upset by Taft that he began a new party to run against Taft in the election of 1912.

Wilson's Election

The two Republicans ran against each other and Wilson split the Republican vote, allowing the democratic challenger Wilson to win easily.