Lecture 7 Psych 106

in utero

prenatal development occurs “in the uterus”

gestation

period of time between conception and birth, i.e. pregnancy

embyronic

early prenatal development

fetal

late prenatal development

in utero, gestation, embryonic, fetal

pre-natal terms (4)

2 weeks gestation

When does the human nervous system form?

neural plate, neural tube, CNS (brain and spinal cord)

Order of CNS development?

x

Recall brain development during gestation / at birth (image, 3 weeks, 7 weeks, 11 weeks, at birth)

350 g, 1000 g, 1200-1400 g

What mass is the brain at birth, at 1 yr, and at adult?

proliferation, migration, differentiation, synaptogenesis, myelination

What are the stages of of brain development? (5) Recall what each of these terms mean

12 years, prefrontal cortex

When is the peak in neural connections, and where in the brain?

x

“Hardware” is mainly finished developing during teenage years, but “software” (reorganization of synapses) happens throughout life.

false

True or false : pre-natal development is ONLY from nature, not nurture.

age to adulthood, predictability of lifestyle

What are the functional explanations of species differences of pre- and post natal development? (nature vs nurture) (2)

identical, fraternal

MZ and DZ twins are…

neurotransmitter types

Evolution of the brain, similarities across animals?

dominance of functional areas

Evolution of the brain, differences across animals?

visual

Human and non-human primates have large ____ areas

auditory

Dolphins and bats have large ____ areas

somatosensory

Raccoons have large ____ areas

bigger brain, more prefrontal cortex

Greater task challenges result in the need for what? (2)

Humans, apes, dolphines, frogs

Order of brain to body mass ratio for the examples? Greatest to least

x

Think about the three complications of assessing brain size and intelligence