KIN 270 - Axial Skeleton, Vertebrae / Ribs / Sternum | Quizlet

Hyoid

a U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue.

what is special about the hyoid?

only bone that does not attach to any other bone; held in place by muscle

Cervical Vertebrae (C1-C7)

neck region of the spine

Cervical vertebra features

how many cervical vertebrae?

7

Atlas/C1

supports head, movement up and down

C1 - articular facet for dens

on posterior surface of anterior arch

C1 - transverse process

C1 - transverse foramen

only found in the cervical vertebrae and allow passage of the vertabral artery, vein, and nerve

C1 - vertebral foramen

anterior part holds the dens and the larger posterior part holds the spinal cord.

C2 - dens

Projects superiorly and articulates with C1 and allows head to shake "no"

C2 - transverse process

C2 - transverse foramen

passage for vertebral arteries and accompanying veins

C2 - vertebral foramen

Thoracic Vertebrae (T1-T12)

second set of 12 vertebrae; they articulate with the 12 pairs of ribs to form the outward curve of the spine

how many thoracic vertebrae?

12

Lumbar Vertebrae (L1-L5)

third set of 5 larger vertebrae, which forms the inward curve of the spine

how many lumbar vertebrae?

5

Thoracic vertebra features

Lumbar vertebra features

Distinguish between C, T and L vertebrae

Vertebral body

part of a vertebra that transfers weight along the axis of the vertebral column

Spinous process

sharp, slender projection. Can feel on your back

what is special about cervical vertebrae spinous process?

bifid (split)

Transverse process

two lateral projections from the vertebral arch

Transverse process (cervical)

Vertebral foramen

canal through which spinal cord passes

concave

curving inward

convex

curved outward

Cervical curvature

concave - C1-C7

Thoracic curvature

convex - T1-T12

Lumbar curvature

concave - L1-L5

Sacral curvature

convex - S1-S5

Sacrum (5 fused)

Is formed by union of 5 sacral vertebrae and serves as a strong foundation for the pelvic girdle

how many vertebrae make up the sacrum?

5

Coccyx (4 fused)

tailbone

how many vertebrae make up the coccyx?

4

Ribs

The bones in the chest that protect the heart and lungs.

True ribs (1-7)

directly attach to the sternum via cartilage

False ribs (8-10)

attach indirectly to sternum by joining costal cartilage of rib above

Floating ribs (11 & 12)

last pair of ribs of the bottom ribcage, not connected to cartilage

Costal cartilage

the cartilages that connect the sternum and the ends of the ribs

Sternum

breastbone

Manubrium of sternum

top of sternum

Body of sternum

middle portion of the sternum

Xyphoid process of sternum

bottom of sternum