ANSC 1401 Final Exam

Which nutrient produces the most energy per gram when digested?

Lipids

Which nutrient is comprised of chains of sugars?

Carbohydrates

Which carbohydrate is the most difficult for animals to digest?

Lignin

Which food stuff is an example of nitrogenous?

Roughage Hay/Legume Hay

If a steer at 20 lbs of feed a excreta 8 lbs of feces then what was the digestion coefficient?

60%

What is the main function of carbohydrates in the body?

Energy

Vitamin from green plant?

vitamin a

Vitamin from the sunshine?

vitamin d

Major function of vitamin a?

night vision

Function of vitamin d?

calcium absorption

Function of vitamin e?

muscular function

Which nutrient is made up from amino acids?

protein

What process allows plants to manufacture carbohydrates?

photosynthesis

What type of energy is left to maintenance and production?

net energy

What type of energy refers to the total energy in the feed?

gross energy

Which is larger? (gross or net)

gross energy

Which answer best describes most roughages?

high fiber

Soybean meal is?

high in protein

Essential amino acids?

must be supplied in the diet

Defining characteristics of a ruminant animal?

herivore and cloven hoof

Digestable energy plus fecal energy?

gross energy

Sheep are?

herbivores

Heat plus net energy?

metabolized energy

What is the function of the rumen?

Fiber digestion

Which category contains calcium?

macro-mineral

What has more nitrogen?

proteins

Which is easier to digest?

disaccharides

Which mineral is a component of hemoglobin?

iron

Primary function of the abomasum?

HCL production

What is the proper calcium to phosphorus ratio for most livestock?

2:1

What is better to feed cows in a snow storm?

hay

Which animal functions best on a high fiber diet?

steer

Which has the most negative effect on the growth rate of cattle?

heat

What is the normal growth curve of cattle?

s-shaped

True growth is an increase in?

protein

Which is a better measure of growth in a feed lot?

average daily gain

Which is not a characteristic of a castrated male?

grows faster

An increase in animal size that is due to an increase in cell numbers is known as?

hyperplasia

An increase in animal size that is due to an increase in cell size is known as?

hypertrophy

Most growth after birth is caused by?

hypertrophy

Which would be most favorable in livestock growth?

low temperature and low humidity

What is the primary function of the small intestine?

nutrient absorption

Which factor has the most influence on foal size?

size of the dam

What are most hay producers concerned about when they cut and bail hay?

moisture content of hay
amount of hay produced
stage of maturity of grass

Micro-mineral toxic to sheep?

copper

Which age cow would you expect to wean calf?

6

Result of growth hormone production by anterior pituitary?

increase muscle deposition

Which litter should have the the highest average piglet weight?

7 piglets in a litter

Which hen should lay the most eggs in a year?

1 year old

Dogs have evolved from modern wolves?

false

What was most likely a food source for early dogs?

human trash

How long ago were cats domesticate?

about 12,000 years ago

You found a baby squirrel on the street and have raised it to adult hood. The squirrel cuddles with you every night. What is the best term to describe the squirrels behavior?

tame

What kind of mating system do both dogs and cats have?

polygynandry

What is TRUE about the cats reproductive system?

female cats go through periods of receptivity
the cats ovulation is triggered during mating by the friction of the penile species

Cats are obligate carnivores. What does this term mean?

they are able to eat only animal matter

Dogs and cats are color blind.

false

You observe a dog yawning, licking his lips, and turning his head away from you. What can you infer from the dogs behavior?

he is uncomfortable

What is the typical diet for free-roaming dogs in most of the world?

garbage, food remains, human feces

Where is bovine somatotrophin (BST) produced?

anterior pituitary

Which organ produces increased levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) when stimulated by BST?

liver

Does recombinant bovine somatotrophin (rBST) pass unchanged through the wall of the digestive tract of cattle?

no

Why don't all US dairymen use rBST to extend the lactation curve of their cows?

consumer demand for hormone-free milk

Which female can be AI'd with a spiral shaped pipette?

sow

The structure in which sperm mature and are stored in is?

epididymis

The retractor muscle is associated with which type of penis?

fibroelastic

Which male does not have an ampulla?

boar

Where should sperm be deposited when artificially inseminating a cow?

uterus

Where should sperm be deposited when artificially inseminating a sow?

cervix

Which type of placental attachment do cows and ewes have?

cotyledonary

What is added to semen to prevent cell membranes from returning when sperm cells are frozen?

glycerol

Which cow is in heat?

the one being mounted

Which male is the slowest ejaculator?

boar

How often should heat be checked in a cow heard of artificial insemination?

twice per day

Which animal has the shortest gestation?

sow

Which is longer? (estrous or estrus)

estrous

Site of embryo implantation

uterus

Funnels egg into oviduct

infundibulum

Acts as barrier to infectious agents

cervix

Copulatory organ

vagina

Site of egg fertilization

fallopian tube

How long is estrus in mare?

4-9 days

The rupture of a mature follicle and the release of the egg is known as?

ovulation

What is the most used estrous synchronization aid for cattle, sheep, and goats?

CIDR (controlled internal drug release)

In what order do corpus albicans (CA), corpus letum (CL), and the corpus hemorrhagicum (CH) occur?

CH, CL, CA

If the anterior pituitary was removed, which gonadotropic hormone would be affected?

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Which male does not have a sigmoid flexure?

stallion

Which female has the shortest heat period?

cow

Can semen be frozen and thawed successfully?

yes

What is the most used packaging method for semen?

straw

The number of sperm cells per milliliter of semen is the what of the semen?

concentration

Which female has the most ovulation per estrus?

sow

artificial vagina

stallion

electro-ejaculation

ram

hand

boar

How is sperm frozen?

liquid nitrogen

Which hormone stimulates testosterone produced in the male?

LH (luteninizing hormone)

Which ejaculate can inseminate the most ewes successfully?

ram

Which should not be ejaculated using the electro-ejaculator?

bulls and stallions

Hormone needed to maintain pregnancy?

progesterone