Anatomy Lecture Quiz 2

Osteogenic Cells

(Osteoprogenitor) Mitotically active stems cells found in the membranous periosteum and endosteum

Osteoblast Cells

bone forming cells that secrete the bone matrix

Osteocytes Cells

Mature bone cells that occupy Lacunae (space within the bone matrix) of which they monitor and maintain

Bone Lining Cells

flat cells found on the bone surface thought to help maintain the matrix

Osteoclasts

giant multinucleate cells located at the sites of cell resorption and are generated from the same hemopoietic stem cells that differentiate into macrophages

What are bone lining cells called on the external surface?

Periosteal cells

What are bone lining cells called on the lining on the internal surface?

Endosteal cells

Which cells contributes into making bone-lining cells?

osteoblasts and osteocytes

Reticular (Connective) Tissue

These fibers wrap around adipocytes

Where is the reticular tissue located?

Lymphatic tissue (Lymph nodes), Hematopoietic Tissue (Liver), and Spleen

Cartilage

Made up of collagen and elastin fibers embedded in a matrix

Which cartilage is the strongest and where is it found?

Fibrous Cartilage and it is found in the pelvis, skull, and vertebral discs

Which Cartilage is the weakest and where is it found?

Hyaline Cartilage and it is found at the end of long bones and on the ventral ends of ribs,

Loose Connective Tissue

Fibers and many cell types in gelatinous matrix, found in skin, and surrounding blood vessels, nerves, and organs

Dense Connective Tissue

Bundles of parallel collagen fibers and fibroblasts, found in tendons and ligaments

Areolar Connective Tissue (loose) Function

Wraps and cushions Organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid

Adipose Tissue (loose) Function

Provides reserve food fuel; insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs

Adipose Tissue (loose) Location

Under skin, around kidneys and eyeballs, within abdomen and in breasts

Adipose Tissue

Areolar (Connective) Tissue Location

Widely distributed under epithelia of body e.g. forms lamina propria of mucous membranes; packages organs; surrounds capillaries

Areolar Tissue

Fibers

Reticular, Collagen, and Elastic

Reticular

A fishing net structure web of interreacted fibers (bone marrow, kidney, spleen, liver, lymph nodes

Collagen

Thick and Juicy (skin, bones, tendons, ligaments)

Elastic

Thin yet strong and scattered (skin, lungs, viens)

Extra Cellular Matrix

Made up one 1 collagen

Neuroglial cells

Cells that provide metabolic support and immune protection for neurons

How many muscle tissues are there?

3

Skeletal Muscle

Voluntary, striated, striations perpendicular to the muscle fibers and it’s mainly found attached to the bones

Cardiac Muscle

Involuntary, straited, branched and has intercalated discs

Smooth Muscle

Involuntary, nonstriated, spindle shaped and is found in blood vessels and the G1 tract. (Nuclei is elongated)

Smooth Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

Skeletal Muscle

Epithelial Tissue

Made of cells arranged un a continuous sheet with one or more layers, has apical and basal surfaces

Simple Squamous

Simple Cuboidal

Simple Columnar

Includes Stillia and is a tall or cylindrical cell

True or False: All Ciliated cells are columnar but not all columnar cells are ciliated

True

White Blood cells are also called what?

Leukocytes or Leucocytes

Neutrophils

Mulit-load nuclei cell, and a bright blue/pinkish background which is lighter

Eosinophils

By load, and dark vein background

Basophils

Looks like a mass cell and cancel in granulations

Lymphocytes

Dark on the inside and on the outside, there is a clear fluid

Monocytes

Takes up 2/3 of cell and rest is clear

Connective Tissue Matrix is made up of what?

Ground Substance and Fiber

Ground Substance is made up of what?

Proteins and Polysaccharides

Fibroblasts

Type of cell that is responsible for making the extracellular maxtrix and collagen

Basophil characteristics

Responsible for inflammatory reactions during immune response