Infection Control and Safety (incl. Standard and Transmission-based Precautions)

Perform proper hand hygiene

Remove jewelry (including rings, with the exception of watches, wedding bands, and bracelets)

Perform proper hand hygiene

Stand at the sink without allowing clothing to touch the sink.

Perform proper hand hygiene

Turn on the faucet and wet hands under warm running water, Apply soap and work up a lather

Perform proper hand hygiene

Scrub all surfaces, including between the fingers and around the knuckles. Rub hands together vigorously for at least 15 seconds

Perform proper hand hygiene

Rinse your hands in a downward motion from wrists to fingertips, Dry hands with a clean paper towel

Perform proper hand hygiene

Use a clean paper towel to turn off the faucet

Respiratory hygiene & proper cough etiquette

Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing.

Respiratory hygiene & proper cough etiquette

Use in the nearest waste receptable to dispose of the tissue after use then Perform hand hygiene

Barrier Protection

Masks, Goggles, Respirators, Face shields, Gloves

Proper Isolation Procedures

AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and is caused by a virus called human immunodeficiency virus

Hepatitis B

Is an inflammation of the liver that is caused by the hepatitis B virus, also known as HBV

Tuberculosis

Is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an airborne pathogen

Nosocomial Infections

Infection that first occurs during a patient's stay at a health-care facility, regardless of whether it is detected during the stay or after, is known as a nosocomial infection

Hand hygiene should be performed in the following situations:

Before and after contact with a patient. Before donning and upon removing gloves and PPE. After touching contaminated equipment.

Hand hygiene should be performed in the following situations:

Before and after eating or going to break. Before leaving the facility at the end of a shift

Aseptic techniques for proper blood collection include

Frequent hand hygiene (handwashing).Use of barrier garments and PPE,.Following standard precautions,Using sterile procedures when necessary

Transmission-Based Precautions

Second tier of precautions, known as Expanded Precautions (EPs), are to be used when the patient is known or suspected of being infected with contagious disease

Contact Precautions

Wear clean, non-sterile examination gloves when entering the room. Change gloves after contact with infective material (e.g., fecal materials or wound drainage). Remove gloves before leaving patient room. Wash hands

Examples of Infections

Skin Infections, Enteric Infections and Escherichia coli

Clean and disinfect Phlebotomy equipment and area

Sanitization, Disinfection, Sterilization

General guidelines for cleaning spills include

Wearing gloves, wipe up visible blood or biohazardous material, disinfect the contaminated area.

Procedures to dispose of the contaminated sharps and biohazard fluids

All biohazardous materials should be appropriately labeled,should be placed in leak proof containers and clearly marked as Biohazard

First Aid External Hemorrhage

Apply direct pressure to the wound until bleeding stops or EMS arrives, If bleeding continues, keep applying new cloth or gauze over the saturated ones already on the wound.

Shock Symptoms

Clammy, pale, cold skin, rapid weak pulse, shallow or increased breathing rate, staring eyes or expressionless face

First aid for shock

Maintain open airway, call for assistance, keep patient lying down with head lower than the rest of the body

First aid for shock

Attempt to control bleeding or other cause of shock if knownkeep patient warm until help arrives.

Fire

Office staff should be familiar with escape routes as well as the location of fire extinguishers and fire alarm

Weather (Tornadoes, hurricanes, earthquake)

Check for hazards and find a place of safety; depending on the event and the severity of the situation may call for you to flee for safety

Terrorism

When faced with a terroristic situation or active shooter think Run, Hide, Fight:

Sharps/Needlestick Injury Prevention

Failure to activate the safety device after using a needle, Attempting to re-cap a needle,mproper transferring of blood specimens from a syringe into collection tubes

Sharps/Needlestick Injury Prevention

Use of needles without safety devices,Overfilling the biohazard sharps container, Improper disposal of sharps

Sharps/Needlestick Injury Prevention

Use of non-retractable puncture devices for fingerst

Types of safety features for needles

Self-capping needles - plastic sheath snaps closed over needle, Retractable needles - needle retracts into syringe, tube holder, or another device

Types of safety features for needles

In-vein activation - when a button is pushed, the needle is automatically retracted directly from the vein into the needle device