Salts, Ksp, and Buffers

Buffer

compound that prevents sharp, sudden changes in pH

A buffer is made of a ____ _____ and its _________ ____

Weak acid, Conjugate base

When HCl (or any acid) is added to the buffer, it is going to react with the __________ ____.

Conjugate base

When OH- (or any base) is added to the buffer, it reacts with the _____ ____

Weak acid

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

pH = pKa + log [B]/[A]

Dissolution

to dissolve and dissociate

NaI = Na+ +I-

Precipitation

Combine and solidify out of a solution

Na(aq) + CN (aq) = NaCN (s)

Salt

Any substance that is a combination of an anion and a cation and creates a neutralized reaction

True or False: Salts do not dissociate in water

False

dissociation of a salt is the same as ___ __________ of a salt

The solubility

Ksp

solubility product constant

Q = Ksp

saturated solution

Q > Ksp

supersaturated solution, precipitate will form

Q < Ksp

unsaturated solution, no precipitate

Le Chatelier's Principle

when stress is applied to a system at equilibrium, the system changes to relieve the stress