Ecology: Hierarchical Levels, Species Diversity, and Biomes

What is ecology?

The scientific study of biotic and abiotic factors that determine the distribution and abundance of organisms.

What factors contribute to a high number of species in an environment?

Stable, productive environments, niche specialization, high mutation and species rates, complex habitats, and climate stability.

What factors contribute to a low number of species in an environment?

Extreme environments, frequent disturbances, young ecosystems, and geographical isolation.

What is an individual in ecological terms?

A single organism.

Define species in ecology.

An inbreeding group of organisms.

What is a population?

A group of individuals of the same species.

What constitutes a community in ecology?

All populations of different species living and interacting within an ecosystem.

What is an ecosystem?

A community of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors.

What is the biosphere?

The highest level of organization of ecological systems.

What are biomes?

Broad-scale regions dominated by similar ecosystems, such as tropical rainforests, grasslands, and deserts.

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