Gender-Based Violence and LGBTQ Rights in Latin America

What is meant when referring to Structural violence?

gender inequality being reinforced through economic discrimination, patriarchal norms, and systemic barriers that can limit women's access to resources, rights, and opportunities.

What does Femicide mean?

killing of a woman or girl on the basis of her gender, often as a result of gender-based violence.

Strategies for LGBTQ rights in Latin America

Strategies include activism, legal battles, international advocacy, media representation, and forming alliances with political parties to push for legal protections.

Describe Machismo

A social construct that promotes exaggerated masculinity, often associating strength, virility, and dominance with being a man.

Ni Una Menos movement Significance in Latin America

Movement bought global attention to femicide and gender-based violence. Also used to urge governments to implement policies addressing violence against women.

What are the two types of structural violence affecting women

(1) Cultural and ideological violence

(2) Social and economic violence

Cultural and ideological violence in context of Gender Based Violence-

machismo, patriarchy, and religious beliefs that requires women to be submissive. Insubordinations is seen as a legitimate reason for violence against women.

Describe Social and economic violence in the context of gender base violence

Involves women being discriminated against based on class, ethnicity, and economic systems that perpetuate gender-based violence.

Name Factors that influencing LGBTQ rights in Latin America

Economic development, levels of education, urbanization, strong pro-LGBTQ movements, independent judicial systems, and the role of religious conservatism.

Feminist movement and abortion legalization

Through activism, mass protests, and advocacy networks that placed a great deal of pressures on governments to start recognizing women's reproductive rights.

Neoliberal economic policies and gender-based violence

Increased economic instability, pushing women into precarious, informal jobs (triple work) for low wages. This is reinforcing their economic dependence and vulnerability to violence.

How does femicide impact the legal systems in Latin America

Many Latin American countries have legally defined femicide as a distinct crime, implementing harsher sentences and specialized courts to address gender-based murders.

LGBTQ movements in Latin America vs. U.S.

In Latin America, laws have often changed before public opinion, whereas in the U.S., social acceptance usually precedes legal changes.

Why are Better-educated women more likely to report domestic violence,

They have more awareness and resources to recognize and report abuse.

Connecting between better educated women and domestic violence.

they challenge traditional gender roles which cause males to feel threaten . This may make men feel that that will lose dominance .

Criticism of the justice system in gender-based violence cases

The justice system is often seen as complicit due to its failure to take action against perpetrators, lack of enforcement of laws, and victim-blaming attitudes.

Role of protests and cultural movements in gender equality

Movements like Ni Una Menos and #MeToo raise awareness, pressure governments to enact policy changes that can address gender based violence

Describe Marianismo

The counterpart to machismo, idealizes women as submissive, pure, and self-sacrificing, discouraging independence and reinforcing traditional gender roles.

Legal advancements in Latin America regarding gender-based violence

Several countries have introduced laws specifically addressing femicide, harsher penalties for perpetrators, and public awareness campaigns on gender-based violence.

Challenges faced by LGBTQ activists in religiously conservative regions

They encounter strong opposition from religious groups, political backlash, and difficulty gaining widespread social acceptance despite legal progress.

What challenges do LGBTQ activists face in religiously conservative regions?

They encounter strong opposition from religious groups, political backlash, and difficulty gaining widespread social acceptance despite legal progress.