Science study Rohan G Unit 1: Genetics

Trait

a distinguishing quality, characteristic, or feature that helps define an individual person, animal, or thing.

Organism

any individual living thing

Variation

a change, difference, or deviation in the condition, amount, or form of something - or a change over time

Protein

a type of molecule (nutrient) in our food that our bodies need to grow and repair cells.  

• Your body needs _____ to work properly.

Myosin

a protein that converts chemical energy (energy from food we eat) to mechanical energy, generating force and movement (how our bodies move)

Actin

forms filaments that provide cells with mechanical support (how we move) and driving forces for movement of our bodies

Phenotype

 an individual's observable traits, such as height, eye color, hair color.

An organism's phenotype has 2 factors:

• expression of an organism's genetic code (its genotype) 

• environmental influences

Microtears

tension on the muscle fibers leads to _______, which interfere with actin and myosin. These ____ are repaired, resulting in thicker and longer muscle fibers.

Nucleus

a common feature inside ones cells

• The ______ is where the chromosomes are located inside of the cell

Chromosome

a common feature of most cells that is copied when new cells are formed

• They are physical structures that are passed from parents to offspring (child) in egg and sperm cells

Pedigree

an organized representation (model) of biological relationships 

•  a record of the ancestry of an individual

• the genetic background of an animal

• Pedigree is an organism's Family Tree

What are muscles made of

in the cells are actin and myosin—>Bundles of cells= Muscle fibers

Pedigree: Blank square

Typical male

Pedigree: Mid circle

Carrier woman

Pedigree: Filled square

Heavy male

where do chromosomes come from

Sperm and eggs

How many chromosome per parent

23

Where are chromosomes located

Inside the nucleus