Quotes, Questions and statistics - 1905 Revolution and October Manifesto

How many students went in strike in Moscow Uni?

About 3000

- Use to show that even the intelligentsia is angry at the tsar

How many workers strike in Feb?

About 400,000 workers

How many manors in the countryside did the peasants destroy?

over 3,000

-They also attacked government officials and nobles, caused overall disorder

Who started the Union of Unions?

- Pavel Miliukov at May 1905,

What was the Union of Unions aiming for?

- To gain an alliance between intelligentsia and peasants/workers
- For universal suffrage and representative government, reforms.

What did the Union of Unions declare the government as?

"A terrible menace" and "The gang of robbers"

- Use to show that even reformists and the intelligentsia are angry at the government.

When was the Battleship Potemkin Mutiny?

June 1905 as troops were coming back from the. Russo-Japanese war.

What happened in the mutiny?

Sailors rebelled against their officers, then shelled in Odessa to support the striking workers who were clashing with local authorities

How did the Tsar respond?

- By massacring 2000 pro-Potemkin protestors in Odessa in July 1905.

Why did soldiers mutiny?

Because they didn't want to shoot unarmed strikers or force peasants from seized land.

- In Summer 1905, soldiers in the Trans-Siberian Railway even mutunied as they travelled home.

"The monarchy..."

"The monarchy's fate hung by a thread." - Robert Service, Historian

- Illustrates how military forces contributed to the 1905 rev

How many soviets sprung up at the end of 1905?

Around 80

How did they prove to be a problem to the Tsarist regime?

- Because they pushed against Tsarism and for reform, spreading it's info through newspapers
- Called a nationwide strike that had about 1.5 million (which also included the intellgentsia), showing that they had more control than the government as major. cities were paralysed.

"The soviet had enormous influence over the workers movement." - Ryan, et. al

How did the Tsar respond to everything?

Proclaimed the October Manifesto on 17th October 1905

How did the Tsar feel about the Manifesto

- Reluctant to reform, wanting to avoid "rivers of blood."
- Didn't like this "terrible decision"

What did the October Manifesto promise?

""Freedom of person, conscience, speech, assembly, and union; dumas."

- They are never made to broken and is supposedly going to limit the tsar's power (though the Fundamental power brought his power back)

Was the 1905 Revolution an actual revolution?

There's defintely doubt about it, because Lynch (Historian) said that the "tsarist regime survived remarkably unscathed"

Trotsky said that "although with a few broken ribs, tsarism came out of...1905 alive."

A revolution is suppose to change the status quo, but yet the Tsarist regime is still standing

Why was the 1905 revolution potentially unsuccessful?

1. It only appeased the middle class for reform that was short term.

2. Dumas didn't have much power by Stolypin "reduced to nothing more dangerous than a talking shop." - Lynch

3. Liberals became scared of workers "Thank God for the Tsar" - Peter Struve, Union of Liberation. They were left to be crushed

4. Moscow strike had over thousands killed by heavy artillery as Revolutionary parties created strikes and seized railway stations.