LESSON 1: PART 6 - INTRODUCTION TO NEUROLOGICAL CONDITIONS

HYPERKINETIC DYSARTHRIA

imprecise consonants, prolong intervals, variable rate, mono-pitch, harsh voice quality, mono loudness, irregular articulatory breakdown, excess loudness variation as a result of extrapyramidal system lesion such as chorea, infection, athetosis, Infection, dystonia, tumor, etc.

MIXED DYSARTHRIA

imprecise consonants, hypernasality, slow rate, mono-pitch, low pitch, mono loudness.

MIXED DYSARTHRIA

this dysarthria is variable in its characteristics secondary to both upper & lower motor neuron lesion

ALEXIA

inability to read words in spite of intact visual acuity

ALEXIA

Can identify visually presented objects; failure of visual recognition of words

NEOLOGISM

it replaces conventional words with a new one

NEOLOGISM

a new word or phrase whose meaning may be known only to the patient using it

DYSPROSODY

a condition wherein breathing alters the rhythm of speech characterized by alterations in the intensity, timing, and rhythm, cadence, and/or intonation of words

PERSEVERATION

persistent repetition of the same verbal or motor response to varied stimuli

AGRAPHIA

inability to express the thoughts in writing due to lesion in the cerebral cortex

APHONIA

the absence of definable laryngeal tone. Voice is either severely breathy or whispered

DYSPHONIA

speech consisting mostly of crude vowels within minutes or days after the onset of motor aphasia

DYSPHONIA

inability to vocalize (loss of words)

DYSPHONIA

abnormal voice as judged by the listener, involving either pitch, loudness, quality, flexibility, or combinations thereof

MUTE

unable to phonate and articulate

JARGON

disorders in which phonemes are produced unintelligible, inaccurate sequences devoid of meaning and make sense only to him.

PARAPHASIA

partial aphasia in which the patient employs wrong words, or uses words in wrong senseless combinations

• Phonemic paraphasia

• Semantic paraphasia

PARAPHASIA

Phonemic paraphasia

substitution of like sounds or syllables (like flair for chair

Semantic paraphasia

Substitution for the intended word is from the same word class (ex. Chair for table)