Muscles

Attrophy

Redcution in size/tone/power of muscle

Fast Twitch

• Contract quickly

• Rapid generation of power

Slow Twitch

• Contract slowly

• Resistant to fatigue

• Efficient use of oxygen

How do you contract muscles?

1. Myosin head binds to actin (needs ATP, normally blocked by tropanin and tropomyosin, Calcium binds to those)

2. Actin is pulled inwards by myosin head

3. Myosin head releases (needs ATP)

4. Myosin head reattaches

Structure of Skeletal

• Myofilaments (actin, myosin)

• Sacromere

• Myofibril

• Fibre

• Bundle

• Muscle

Antagonistic

For the action of each muscle, there is another muscle that has the opposite action

Skeletal Function

• Movement of bone

• Regulate body temperature

• Stabilize joints

Skeletal Control

Voluntary

Cardiac Control

Involuntary

Smooth Control

Involuntary

Arrangement of Skeletal

Fibres

Arrangement of Cardiac

Branched

Arrangement of Smooth

• Parallel lines

• Sheets

Description of Skeletal Cells

• Tubular

• Striated

• Many nuclei

Description of Cardiac Cells

• Tubular

• Striated

• One nucleus

Description of Smooth Cells

• Long

• Tapered at ends

• One nucleus

Location of Skeletal

Attached to bone

Location of Cardiac

Heart

Location of Smooth

• Intestines

• Blood Vessels

• Iris

Relax

Passive state

Contract

• Shorten

• Work is done

Function of Muscles

• Enable of movement

  • Convert chemical energy into kinetic energy