unit 7 part 1

CLSI

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, sets standards for laboratory practices including blood specimen collection.

Systemic Circulation

The pathway in which oxygenated blood moves from the heart to tissues and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

Pulmonary Circulation

The pathway in which deoxygenated blood is sent to the lungs for oxygenation and then returned to the heart.

Venipuncture

The practice of accessing a vein to collect blood for testing.

Blood Composition

Whole blood consists of red blood cells, plasma, platelets, and other components.

Phlebotomy Tray

A tray used to hold supplies and equipment for blood collection.

Sharps Container

A puncture-resistant container for disposing of needles and other sharp instruments.

Anticoagulants

Substances that prevent blood from clotting, used in various blood collection tubes.

EDTA

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, an anticoagulant used for complete blood counts.

Clot Activators

Substances that promote blood clotting inside collection tubes.

Serum Separator Tube (SST)

A tube with gel that separates serum from blood after centrifugation.

Order of Draw

The specific sequence in which blood collection tubes should be filled to prevent contamination.

Thixotropic Gel Separator

A gel that forms a barrier between serum and cells in blood collection tubes.

Na Citrate

A light blue top tube containing sodium citrate, used for coagulation tests.

Gauze

Material used to apply pressure to a venipuncture site and act as a barrier.

Blood Pressure Cuff

A type of tourniquet that can be used to occlude venous blood flow during collection.

Isopropyl Alcohol

A disinfectant used to clean the skin prior to venipuncture.

Chlorhexidine Gluconate

An antiseptic used for disinfecting skin before blood collection.

Povidone Iodine

An antiseptic that is generally not recommended for routine venipuncture due to interference with lab tests.

Cotton Balls

Used for pressure application post-venipuncture, but may attach to clots.

Hypoallergenic Tape

Tape that is designed to minimize allergic reactions when used on the skin.

Gauge of Needle

Indicates the diameter of a needle; larger gauge numbers mean smaller diameter.

Tube Holder

An instrument used to hold the blood collection tube during venipuncture.

Gloves

Protective barriers worn by phlebotomists to reduce infection risk.

Fainting (Syncope)

Temporary loss of consciousness due to reduced blood flow to the brain, important to consider during venipuncture.

Sodium Fluoride

An antiglycolytic agent used in gray top tubes to maintain plasma glucose levels.

Buckle Cloth Tourniquet

An elastic tourniquet that allows for easy adjustment during blood collection.

Blood Collection Procedure

The steps followed by healthcare professionals to safely collect blood from a patient.

Patient Identification

The process of confirming the identity of a patient prior to blood collection.

Blood Volume for Testing

The required amount of blood to be collected for accurate laboratory testing.

Labeling Tubes

The practice of labeling blood collection tubes immediately after collection to prevent mix-ups.

Cleaning Protocols

Procedures for cleaning and disinfecting phlebotomy trays and carts.

Proper Disposal of Sharps

The correct method of disposing needles and sharp instruments to prevent injuries.

Order of Draw Importance

Following the correct order of draw is critical to avoid cross-contamination of additives.

Label Color Coding

Colors of tube stoppers that indicate the presence or type of additive in blood collection tubes.

Biological Safety Guidelines

Regulations and practices designed to protect laboratory personnel and patients from biological hazards.

Barriers to Infection

Protective measures taken to reduce the risk of transmitting infections between patients.

Blood Culture Collection

A specific method of collecting blood samples to detect infections in the bloodstream.

Centrifugation Time

The required duration for spinning blood samples to separate plasma from cells.

Expirations Dates

The date until which laboratory supplies can be used safely.

Equipment Maintenance

Regularity with which equipment such as phlebotomy carts and trays should be cleaned and maintained.

Patient Comfort

Consideration of a patient’s comfort levels during blood collection procedures.

Health Canada Guidelines

Regulations and recommendations from Health Canada to ensure lab safety and efficiency.

Venous Access

The process of accessing a vein for blood collection.

Oxygenated Blood

Blood that is rich in oxygen, typically transported from the lungs to the rest of the body.

Deoxygenated Blood

Blood that is low in oxygen, usually returned to the heart or transported to the lungs.

Laboratory Tests

Examinations performed on blood or other samples to assess health conditions.

Centrifuge

A machine used to separate blood components based on density.

Manual for Blood Collection

Documentation that outlines protocols and standards for drawing blood samples.

Compatibility Testing

Tests performed to ensure blood products can be safely transfused to patients.

Biohazard Disposal

Proper method used to dispose of waste that may contain infectious materials.

Patient Preparation

The actions taken to prepare a patient for blood collection.

Specimen Transport

The process of moving collected blood samples to the lab for analysis.

Ventilation in Blood Collection Areas

Ensuring proper airflow to maintain a safe environment during blood collection procedures.

Patient Observational Protocols

Guidelines for monitoring patients during and after blood collection to avoid complications.