Gram-Positive vs Gram-Negative Cell Walls

What is the difference between gram positive and gram negative?

Different cell envelope structure

Cell wall layers of GRAM POSITIVE

1. Peptidoglycan

Cell wall layers of GRAM NEGATIVE

1. THIN cell wall of peptidoglycan

2. Outer membrane

Which type of bacteria has a thick peptidoglycan layer?

gram POSITIVE

Which contains teichoic acid?

Gram POSITIVE

Where are the periplasmic space located (1)?

Gram positive has 1, Between the cell membrane and the cell wall

Where are the periplasmic spaces located (2)?

Gram negative has 2,

1. Between cell membrane and cell wall

2. Between cell wall and outer membrane

Which contains Lipoprotein?

Gram NEGATIVE

Which one’s cell wall behaves as a TOXIN

Gram NEGATIVE

Which is susceptible to penicillin?

Gram POSITIVE

Which is susceptible to lysozymes, detergent, and heavy metals?

Gram POSITIVE

What type of toxin is produced by gram-POSITIVE bacteria?

EXOtoxin Protein

What type of toxin is produced by gram-NEGATIVE bacteria?

ENDOtoxin Lipid

3 functions of teichoic acid in gram-positive bacteria

1. Cell wall maintenance

2. Enlargement during cell division

3. Acidic changes on cell surface

What color do gram-POSITIVE bacteria stain?

Purple/Violet

What color do gram-NEGATIVE bacteria stain?

RED

What dissolves the lipids in the outer membrane and removes the dye from the peptidoglycan layer?

Alcohol