Progressive Era

What activities became more popular during the Progressive Era due to increased leisure time?

Games, concerts, going to the park, Wild West shows, and circuses.

What were some popular sports during the Progressive Era?

Baseball, college football, tennis, golf, and cycling.

What is the oldest professional baseball team?

Cincinnati Reds.

What event in 1848 marked the beginning of the women's suffrage movement?

Seneca Falls Convention.

Who formed the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) in 1840?

Susan B. Anthony.

What was the purpose of the Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862?

It provided land to states to build colleges, some focusing on agriculture and mechanics.

What was the first university to offer a graduate degree in 1876?

Johns Hopkins University.

Who were two prominent leaders fighting for African American rights during the Progressive Era?

W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington.

What organization did W.E.B. Du Bois help found?

NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People).

What did Ida B. Wells focus on in her journalism?

Exposing lynching and racial violence.

What was the significance of the Model T, introduced in 1908?

It was the first mass-produced car, making automobiles more affordable.

What industry inspired Henry Ford's assembly line production?

The meatpacking industry.

What was the purpose of muckrakers in the Progressive Era?

They exposed corruption and social injustices.

What book did Upton Sinclair write to expose the unsanitary conditions in the meat industry?

The Jungle.

What were the three components of the "Wisconsin Idea"?

Initiative, Referendum, and Recall.

What did the Meat Inspection Act of 1906 accomplish?

It regulated meatpacking plants and improved food safety standards.

What was the "Square Deal" under Theodore Roosevelt?

A policy to ensure fairness between businesses and workers.

Why did Woodrow Wilson win the 1912 election?

The Republican vote was split between Taft and Roosevelt.

What did the 16th Amendment establish?

A federal income tax.

What change did the 17th Amendment introduce?

Direct election of U.S. Senators by popular vote.

What was the impact of the 18th Amendment?

It prohibited alcohol (Prohibition era).

What right did the 19th Amendment grant?

Women's suffrage (right to vote).

What was the purpose of Wild West shows during the Progressive Era?

They provided entertainment and nostalgia for the era of westward expansion, often featuring Native Americans and bison.

Why was the circus a popular form of entertainment during the Progressive Era?

It provided a traveling spectacle of exotic animals, acrobats, and performances, bringing entertainment to many cities and towns.

What were “Pink Collar Jobs,” and why were they significant?

These were low-paying jobs traditionally held by women, such as teachers, nurses, and assistants, reflecting gender inequality in employment.

How did women’s access to higher education change during the Progressive Era?

More women attended college, though most were from wealthy, white backgrounds.

What was Booker T. Washington’s approach to racial progress?

He believed in gradual improvement through education and job opportunities for African Americans.

How did W.E.B. Du Bois' views on racial progress differ from Booker T. Washington’s?

Du Bois advocated for immediate civil rights and opposed Washington’s gradualist approach.

What happened during the Brownsville Raid of 1906?

167 African American troops were falsely accused of a shooting incident and dishonorably discharged.

What was the impact of Frederick W. Taylor’s Scientific Management?

It aimed to maximize efficiency and profits in industrial work by analyzing tasks and labor.

What were some of the main concerns addressed by labor reforms during the Progressive Era?

Child labor, unsafe working conditions, monopolies, and the right to strike.

Why was the Child Labor Act of 1915 struck down?

The Supreme Court ruled it unconstitutional after it was in effect for only nine months.

What did Lincoln Steffens expose in his work?

Corruption in government and political machines.

What was the focus of Ida Tarbell’s investigative journalism?

The unethical practices of the Standard Oil Company.

What was the main goal of muckrakers?

To reveal corruption, poverty, and injustices in society to push for reforms.

What was the significance of the 1900 Galveston Hurricane in reforming city governments?

It led to a new commission system where experts, rather than corrupt politicians, managed city departments.

What was “Gas and Water Socialism”?

A movement where small communities took control of utilities to prevent corporations from charging excessive prices.

What was the purpose of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913?

To establish a centralized banking system and move away from the gold standard to regulate the economy.

How did Theodore Roosevelt handle monopolies?

He pursued the “Square Deal” policy, ensuring fairness between workers and business owners and regulating monopolies.

What was Woodrow Wilson’s “New Freedom” platform?

A set of progressive reforms aimed at reducing tariffs, reforming banking, and tackling monopolies.

What was one of William Howard Taft’s key contributions to economic policy?

Expanding federal cases against monopolies and strengthening trade with Latin America.