Image Equip exam #1

yes yes yes!!!!!

what makes matter matter

it has space and form and has mass

mass is

amnt of matter in an object

weight is

measurement of gravity on an object

energy is

the ability to do work

thermal energy is

the energy of motion at the molecular level

ionizing radiation is capable of

removing an electron

radiation

energy that is emitted and trasnferred through space

what makes something exposed/irradiated

absorbing radiation

Ionization is

adding or removing an electron to make an ion

what is the most common source of natural ionizing radiation

radon-222

how much does CT contribute to total medical x-ray exposure

63%

how much does nuc med contribute to total medical x-ray exposure

15%

how much does radiography and fluro contribute to total medical x-ray exposure

10%

what was the dose for medical x-ray in the 80s

0.53 msV

what was the does for med x-ray in 2006

3.6mSv

what was the dose for med x-ray in 2016

2.3 mSb

what is the ubiquitous natural dose

3.1 mSv

on what date was x-ray discovered

Nov 8, 1895

Wilhelm _____ Roentgen

Conrad

how long till Roentgen had discovered the properties of x-ray

one month

what are the 3 characteristics of x-ray

it was accidental

about 12 other physicists witnessed and did not recognize the importance

roentgen described the properties in 1 month

who invented fluroscopy

Thomas Edison

who was the first fatality of x-ray in the U.S.

Clarence Dally in 1904

what two inventions brought x-ray to the masses

snook transformer & the coolidge tube

what does the NCRP stand for

National Council on Radiation Protection (and measurement)

ICRP stands for

International committee of radiation protection

what acronym did the ICRP invent

ALARA

what is Air Kerma

ionization in the air

What is a Gray

absorbed dose in the tissue

Sievert is

the effective dose or the occupational dose

JRCERT stands for

Joint review commission on education in Radiologic Technology

ARRT is

American Registration of Radiologic Technology

physics

study of interactions of matter and energy

what does mechanical support mean

to hold in place

what are the three base quantities

length, mass, and time

what are the three derived quantities

volume, density, velocity

density equation

m/L³

velocity equation

d/t

what does the Roentgen measure

exposure

what is the International system equivalent of the Roentgen

Air kerma (Gya)

what does the rad measure

absorbed dose

what is the SI equivalent of rad

gray (Gyt)

what does the rem measure

effective dose

what does rem stand for

radiation equivalence of man

what is the SI equivalent of rem

Sievert

A vector has

both magnitude and direction

a scalar has

quantity only

acceleration equation

a= (Vf-Vo)/t

what is newton’s first law of motion

inertia

what is newton’s second law of motion

force

what is the force equation

F=ma

what is newton’s third law

every action has an equal and opposite reaction

what does the law of inertia state

A body will remain at rest or continue to move with constant velocity in a straight line unless acted on by an external force

what does the law of force state

force acted on an object with acceleration is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration

equation for weight (wt)

wt= mg

what is the acceleration of gravity equation

9.8m/s² in SI

Momentum (p) equation

p=mv

Power (P) equation

P= work/t

Horsepower (hp) falls under which unit system

british

watt (w) falls under which unit system

SI

Energy is

the ability to do work (Fd)

what are 2 forms of mechanical energy

kinetic (KE) and potential (PE)

kinetic energy equation

1/2mv²

potential energy equation

mgh

Heat is

the kinetic energy of the random motion of molecules

a calorie is

the heat to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1 degree celcius

different type of heat transference

conduction, convection, radiation

which two models/theories of an atom are correct

periodic table and Bohr

Dalton believed

atoms had hooks and eyes

Mendeleev identified how many elements

65

how many elements now

118 with 26 artificial and 92 natural

how many groups on the periodic table

8 groups

Thompson believed

atoms were like plum pudding

rutherford belived

a positively charged nucleus around a negative electron cloud

bohr believed

electrons orbit the nucleus at specific energy levels

Atomic mass units are

1/12 the mass of C^12

chemical behavior is determined by # of what

protons

what is the closest orbital shell

K

which is the center seeking force

centripetal

flying out from the center force

centrifugal

what is the equation to see the max # number of electrons a shell can hold

2n²

how many electrons can the valence shell hold

8

as an electron gets closer to the nucleus, the binding energy is

higher

the more _____ the atomic makeup, the higher the binding energy in each shell

complex

does it take more energy to ionize large atoms than small

yes

the two positive contrast mediums are

barium and iodine

the negative contrast media is

air

An isotope has

same # of protons but different # of neutrons

An isobar has

same A number but different Z #

Are isobars the same element

NO

An isotone has

same # of neutrons but different Z #

An isomer has

same atomic structure w different energy state

a molecule is

the smallest form of a compound with characteristics of that compoudn

What is the 2 types of radioactivity emissions

particulate and energy

why do abnormally excited atoms radioactively emission

to reach stability

radioisotope

isotopes that are (can you believe it) radioactive

2 types of particulate radiation

Beta and Alpha

Beta emissions are composed of

an electron like particle

beta emissions come from where

the nucleus

beta emissions are only electron like why

they can be positive or negative