Medical Terminology Quiz 7

nas/o and rhin/o both mean?

nose

nasal

pertaining to the nose

rhin/o/plasty

surgical repair of the nose

sept/o

septum

sinus/o

sinus, cavity

sinus/o/tomy

incision of the sinus

pharyng/o

pharynx (throat)

pharyng/o/scope

instrument to examine the pharynx

adenoid/o

adenoids

adenoid/ectomy

excision, removal of the adenoids

tonsill/o

tonsils

peri/tonsill/ar

pertaining to around the tonsils

epiglott/o

epiglottis

epiglott/itis

inflammation of the epiglottis

laryng/o

larynx (voice box)

trache/o

trachea (windpipe)

laryng/o/plegia

paralysis of the voice box

trache/o/plasty

surgical repair of the trachea

bronchi/o and broncho mean the same thing

bronchus (plural bronchi)

bronchi/ectasis

dilation, expansion of the bronchus

bronch/o/scope

instrument for examining the bronchus

bronciol/o

bronchiole

bronchiol/itis

inflammation of the bronchiole

alveol/o

alveolus, air sac

alveol/ar

pertaining to the alveolus

pleur/o

pleura

pleur/o/scopy

visual examination of the pleura

pneum/o and pneumon/o both mean the same thing which is?

air, lung

pneum/o/lith

stone in the lungs

pneumon/ia

condition pertaining to the lungs

pulmon/o

lung

pulmon/o/logist

specialist in the study of the lungs

atel/o

incomplete; imperfect

atel/ectasis

collapsed lung (incomplete expansion)

coni/o

dust

pneum/o/coni/osis

lung disease caused by the inhalation of dust

cyan/o

blue

cyan/osis

results from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood

lobo/o

lobe

lob/ectomy

excision of the lobe

orth/o

straight

orth/o/pnea

discomfort in breathing that is relieved by sitting or standing in a erect position

ox/o

oxygen (O2)

hyp/ox/emia

oxygen deficient blood condition

pector/o, steth/o, and thorac/o, all mean the same thing which is?

chest

pector/algia

pain in the chest

steth/o/scope

instrument for examining the chest

thorac/o/pathy

disease in the chest

phren/o

diaphragm; mind

phren/o/spasm

involuntary contraction of the diaphragm

spir/o

breath

spir/o/meter

evaulates the movement of ai into and out of the lungs.

-capnia

carbon dioxide (CO2)

hyper/capnia

excessive carbon

-osmia

smell

dys/phonia

signifies dysfunction in the muscles needed to produce sound

an/osmia

is a loss, usually partial, of the sense of smell

-pnea

breathing

a/pnea

without breathing

-ptysis

spitting

hem/o/ptysis

spitting blood

-thorax

chest

hem/o/thorax

bleeding within the chest due to severe trauma

brady-

slow

brady/pnea

breathing slow

dys-

bad, painful, difficult

eu-

good, normal

eu/pnea

good breathing

tachy/pnea

breathing fast

abnormal breathing sounds

noises heard over the lungs and airways, commonly leading to a diagnosis of respiratory or cardiac condition; also called adventitious breath sounds

crackle

intermittent sounds caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisure filled alveoli; also called rale

ronchus

continuous sound heard during inspiration and expiration caused by secretions in the larger airways and commonly resembling snoring

stirdor

high-pitched, harsh sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway

wheeze

whistling or sighing that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway

acidosis

excessive acidity of body fluid

anosmia

absense of the sense of smell

apnea

disorder in which breathing stops repeatedly during sleep, resulting in blood deoxygenation, causing the patient to awaken, gasping for air; also called sleep apnea

central sleep apnea

a form of sleep apnea that occurs when the brain fails to stimulate breathing muscles, causing brief pauses in breathing

obstructive sleep apnea

most common form of sleep apnea caused by an upper airway blockage that prevents an adequate flow of air to the lungs

mixed sleep apnea

type of sleep apnea that occurs when central sleep apnea and obstructive sleep apnea occur simultaneously

atelectasis

collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affect all or part of the lung

coryza

acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose; also called rhinitis

croup

common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchial passages, and sometimes involving the lungs

cystic fibrosis

life-threatening genetic disease causing mucus to become unusually thick and stick, plugging tubes, and ducts, especially in the lungs and pancreas

deviated nasal septum

displacement of the cartilage dividing the nostrils that causes reduced airflow and sometimes causes nose bl

epiglottiitis

severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children between ages 2 and 12 years.

epistaxis

nasal hemorrhage also called a nosebleed

hypoxemia

oxygen deficiency in arterial blood, which is usually a sign of respiratory impairment and commonly causes hypoxia

hypoxia

oxygen deficiency in the body or a region of the body that commonly causes cyanosis

influenza

acute, contagious viral disorder of the respiratory tract, characterized by weakness, fever, chills, and muscle pain, especially in the back, arms, and legs; also called flue

pertussis

acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a characteristic “whoop” sound; also called whooping cough

pleural effusion

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity that impairs breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs

empyema

exudative effusion characterized by collection of pus in the pleurlal cavity, commonly as a result of bacterial pneumonia that spreads from the lungs; also called pyothorax.

pneumothorax

presence of air in the pleural cavity, commonly caused by a blunt or penetrating chest injury or as the result of a thoracic surgery.

pleurisy

inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing; also called pleuritis

pulmonary edema

accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissues and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure.

pulmonary embolism

blockage in an artery of the lungs, caused by a mass of undissolved matter (such as blood clot, tissue, air bubbles, and bacteria) that has traveled to the lungs from another part of the body.

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant, usually less than age 12 months; also called crib death

tuberculosis (TB)

Potentially fatal contagious disease spread through respiratory droplets affecting any organ of the body but primarily the lungs and causing chest pain, hemoptysis, weight loss, fatigue, and night sweats

mantoux test

tuberculosis screening test in which an injection of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) is placed just beneath the surface of the skin to identify a previous exposure to tuberculosis