Psychology Flashcards: Theories and Personality

Wilhelm Wundt

Founded the first psychology lab (1879, Germany).

Philosophy

Early studies of the mind before psychology became a science.

Gestalt Psychology

The whole experience is more meaningful than individual parts.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

People move from basic needs to self-actualization.

Humanistic Theory

Emphasizes personal growth and the good within each person.

Psychoanalytic Theory

Freud's idea that behavior is influenced by unconscious motives.

Biological Theory

Disorders may come from genes, brain chemistry, or brain structure.

Trait Theories

Describe personality using stable traits.

Adler's Theory

Birth order influences personality.

Freud's Personality Theory

Id (desires), superego (morals), ego (balance between both).

Freudian Slip

Accidental words that reveal hidden thoughts.

Id

Part of personality driven by basic urges and desires.

Conflict between the id and superego

Can cause anxiety.

Oral Stage Fixation

Comfort through mouth-related actions (biting nails, chewing pens).

Genital Stage

Mature sexual feelings and relationships.

Denial

Refusing to accept reality.

Regression

Returning to childish behavior when stressed.