chp 14 terms

Pathology

Study of a disease

Etiology

Cause of disease

Pathogenesis

development of a disease 

Infection

invasion or colonization of the body by pathogens 

Disease

abnormal state in which body is not preforming normal function

Symptoms

Felt

Signs

Seen

Syndrome

specific group of signs & symptoms that accompany a disease

Communicable

spread from 1 host to another 

Contagious

easily & rapidly spread

Noncommunible

Not spread

Symbiosis

 when organisms live together

Commensalism

one is benefited & other is unaffected

Mutualism

which both organisms benefit from eachother

Parasitism

one organism is benefited at the expense of the other

Epidemiology

study of occurrence, distribution, & control of diseases in populations

Incidence

# of people who develop a disease during a particular time period 

Prevalence

 # of people who develop disease at specified time, regardless of when it first appeared

-both old & new cases 

Sporadic

diseases occurs only occasionally 

Endemic

constantly present in given population 

Epidemic

unusually lrg # of cases in a population 

Pandemic

epidemic spreads world wide

Acute

 develop rapidly but lasts short time 

Chronic

develop more slowly & less severe than acute but disease is likely to recour for long periods 

Sepsis

toxic inflammatory condition arising from spread of microbes, especially bacteria or their toxins

Speticemia

multiplication of pathogens in blood

Primary

acute infection that cause inital illness 

Secondary

infection caused by an oppurtunstic pathogen after primary infection weakend bodies defenses 

Subclinical

does not cause any noticable illness 

Carrier

someone who harbors a pathogen & transmits pathogen to other without exhibiting any signs of illness 

Symptomatic

when you are obviously sick 

Asymptomatic

no ill effects, act as carrier 

Incubation period

interval between initial infection and first signs and symptoms

Prodromal period

short period after incubation; early, mild symptoms

Period of illness

Disease is most severe

Period of decline

signs and symptoms subside

Period of convalescence

body returns to its prediseased state

Epidemiology

The study of where and when diseases occur

Morbidity

incidence of a specific notifiable disease

Mortality

deaths from notifiable diseases

Morbidity rate

number of people affected in relation to the total population in a given time period

Mortality rate

number of deaths from a disease in relation to the population in a given timE