Embalming

Wk 8

Anatomical Considerations

Anatomical Guides: A reference for arteries and veins by means of identifying anatomical structures.

Anatomical guides = anatomical structures.

Anatomical Limit: Designates the boundaries of arteries; the point of origin and the point of termination of the artery are given in relation to adjacent structures.

Anatomical limits designate boundaries OR Anatomical limits originate and terminate.

Linear Guide: A line drawn or visualized on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of a deeper-lying structure.

Common Carotid Artery

Linear Guide: Draw/visualize a line on the surface of the skin from a point over the respective sternoclavicular articulation to a point over the anterior surface of the base of the respective earlobe.

Anatomical Guide: The right and left common carotid arteries are located posterior to medial border of the SCM, on their respective sides of the neck.

Anatomical Limit: The right common carotid begins at the level of the right sternoclavicular articulation and extends to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage. The left common carotid begins at the level of the second coastal cartilage and extends to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage.

Axillary Artery

Linear Guide: Draw/visualize a line on the surface of the skin from a point over or through the center of the base of the axillary space to a point over or through the center of the lateral border of the base of the axillary space. This line is parallel to the long axis of the abducted arm.

Anatomical Guide: The axillary artery’s located just behind the medial border of the coracobrachialis muscle.

Anatomical Limit: The axillary artery extends from a point beginning at the lateral border of the first rib to the inferior border of the tendon of the teres major muscle.

Brachial Artery

Linear Guide: Draw/visualize a line on the surface of the skin from a point over the center of the lateral border of the base of the axillary space to a point approximately one inch below and in the front of the elbow joint.

Anatomical Guide: The brachial artery lies in the bicipital groove at the posterior margin of the medial border of the belly of the biceps brachii muscle.

Anatomical Limit: The brachial artery extends from a point beginning at the inferior border of the tendon of the teres major muscle to a point inferior to the antecubital fossa.

Radial Artery

Linear Guide: Draw/visualize a line on the surface of the skin of the forearm from the center of the antecubital fossa to the center of the base of the index finger.

Anatomical Guide: Radial artery lies just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpiradialis muscle and just medial to the tendo of the brachioradialis muscle.

Anatomical Limit: The radial artery extends from a point 1” below and in front of the bend of the elbow to a point over the base of the thumb.

Ulnar Artery

Linear Guide: Draw/visualize a line on the surface of the skin from the center of the antecubital fossa on the forearm to a point between the fourth and fifth finger.

Anatomical Guide: The ulnar artery lies just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpiulnaris muscle.

Anatomical Limit: The ulnar artery extends from a point 1” below and in front of the bend of the elbow to a point over the pisiform bone (Small bone just below the pinky).

External Iliac Artery and Vein

The external iliac artery extends to a point under the center of the inguinal ligament and becomes the femoral artery as it continues below the inguinal ligament.

Femoral Artery

Linear Guide: Draw/visualize a line on the surface of the skin of the thing from the center of the inguinal ligament to the center of the medial prominence of the knee; the medial condyle of the femur. The incision is made along with the upper 1/3 of the linear guide, furthest from the knee.

Anatomical Guide: The femoral artery passes through the center of the femoral triangle. And is bounded laterally by the sartorius muscle and medially by the adductor longus muscle.

Anatomical Limit: The femoral artery extends form a point behind the center of the inguinal ligament to the opening in the adductor longus muscle.

Popliteal Fossa

Linear Guide: Draw or visualize a line on the surface of the skin from the center of the superior border of the popliteal space parallel to the long axis of the lower extremity to the center of the inferior border of the popliteal space.

Anatomical Guide: The popliteal vessels are located between the popliteal surface of the femur and the oblique popliteal ligament.

Anatomical Limit: The popliteal artery extends from a point beginning at the opening of the adductor magnus muscle to the lower border of the popliteus muscle.

Anterior Tibial Arteries

Anterior Tibial Artery Linear Guide: Draw or visualize a line from the lateral border of the patella to the anterior surface of the ankle joint.

Anterior Tibial Artery Anatomical Guide: The anterior tibial vessels are located in a groove between the tibialis anterior muscle and the tendon of the extensor hallucis longus muscle.

Anterior Tibial Artery Anatomical Limit: The anterior tibial artery extends from a point beginning at the inferior border of the popliteus muscle to the a point in front of the middle of the ankle joint on the respective sides.

Posterior Tibial Arteries

Posterior Tibial Artery Linear Guide: Draw or visualize a line on the surface of the skin from the center of the popliteal space to a point midway between the medial malleolus and the calcaneus bone.

Posterior Tibial Artery Anatomical Guide: The posterior tibial vessels are located between the posterior border of the tibia and the calcaneus tendon.

Posterior Tibial Artery Anatomical Limit: The posterior tibial artery extends from a point beginning at the inferior border of the popliteus muscle to a point over and between the medial malleolus and the calcaneus of the respective foot.

Dorsalis Pedis Artery

Linear Guide: Draw or visualize a line from the center of the anterior surface of the ankle joint to a point between the first and second toes.