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what happens if an enzyme involved in DNA repair is mutated
this increases your chances of cancer bc DNA is not repaired as well (damage aka mutations accumulate)
BER
uses glycosylases to repair often occuring chemically modified bases (eg GU or GT mismatch), it mus act before replication
why must BER act before replication
to prevent mutation fixation (permanent genetic error), ie during replication the U (chemically modified base) would pair with a A, changing the original GC to a TA
mismatch excision repair
detects mismatches and small insertion/deletion after behind the replication fork, it acts after replication
why does mismatch repair act after replication
because the goal is to fix errors made by DNA polymerase that are not recognized by DNA polymerase’s proofreading. is behi
NER
removes chemically modified bases such as bases induced by ultra violet light. NER gives priority to transcribed DNA but there is a genome wide variant
NHEJ (DSB)
repairs DSB but causes mutations at the repair junction
HR (DSB)
repairs DSBs with high fidelity, and is mainly active during S phase when replication forks collapse and a homolog is in close proximity