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Acute Stress Reactions
Reactions to stress that occur during a stressful situation
Cumulative Stress Reactions
Prolonged or excessive stress
Delayed Stress Reactions
Reactions to stress that occur after a stressful situation
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Stress reaction to a prior incident. often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident, and may relate to an incident that involved the typical harm or the threat of a physical harm
Transmission
The way in which an infectious disease is spread: contact, airborne, by vehicles or by vectors
Airborne transmission
The spread of an organism via droplets or dust
Foodborne transmission
The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease ( salmonella, E coli, etc.)
Vector-borne transmission
The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another (parasites, etc.)
Pathogen
An organism that is capable of causing disease and is susceptible host
Bloodborne pathogens
Pathogenic microorganisms are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. these pathogens include, but are not limited to, Hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, altered liver function
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Acquired by immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body's immune system so that the body is unable to fight the infection or certain cancers
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Federal agency that conducts and supports Public Health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services
Communicable Disease
A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another
Concealment
The use of objects to limit a person's visibility of you
Contamination
The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or patient's body
Cover
The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection
Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM)
A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the Emergency Services Personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium
Designated Officer
The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues
Direct Contact
Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact
Exposure
A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or Airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur
General Adaption Syndrome
The body’s response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion
Host
The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent
Immune
The body's ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease
Indirect contact
Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by the contact with a contaminated object
Infection
The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease
Infection control
Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and Healthcare personnel
Infectious disease
A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of a small, harmful organisms within the body
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
The federal Regulatory Compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material
Standard precautions
Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the CDC for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, and other potential exposure risks of communicable diseases
US Department of Transportation (DOT)
Emergency Response Guidebook is an important resource when dealing with hazardous materials
Vehicle Crashes
One of the most dangerous environments for EMS providers
100
Park at least ___ feet away from crash sites
Follow this order always
1.) Personal safety
2.) Scene safety
3.) Patient safety
To improve sleep…
limit caffeine and alcohol intake, and tobacco usage
Minimum standard of care for any exposure… (PPE)
Gloves and eye protection
If you suspect a patient has an airborne disease, place a ______ on a patient
surgical mask
Is a patient is suspected to have tuberculosis, place a _____ and a _______ on yourself
surgical mask , N95 mask
Nonrebreather flow should always be set at ____
10 - 15 L/min
On an infected patient, you should always use a _____ or a _______
pocket mask , bag-valve mask (BVM)
Any medical waste should be placed in a ______
red biohazard bag
Bleach and water solution should be be at what ratio?
1:10
Following required immunizations for health care workers:
1.) Hepatitis B (as required by OSHA)
2.) Influenza (yearly)
3.)Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) (typically a one-time vaccination)
4.) Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine or having had chickenpox
5.)Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap) (every 10 years)