BTEC Applied Science Unit 5 Chemistry - A1 Amphoteric character of alumina

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8 Terms

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Acid

A substance that dissociates in water to form H ions

HCl → H+ + Cl-

H2SO4 → 2H+ + SO42-

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Base

A substance that will react with acids to form salt and water

Not all bases are alkalies

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Alkali

A base that dissolves in water, hydroxide ions (OH-) are formed

All alkalies are bases

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Amphoteric

A substance that can act as both an acid and a base

Alumina is amphoteric as it can act as both an acid and a base

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Chemical formula of Alumnium Oxide (alumina)

Al2O3

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Aluminium Oxide

Chemically interted → very unreactive

except in certain conditions → reacts with hot acids or base

by reactig with acids and bases → it is AMPHOTERIC

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How alumina reacts

Al2O3 + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2O (reacting with hot acid)

Al2O3 + 6H+ → 2Al3+ + 3H2O (reacting with acid)

Al2O3 + 6NaOH + 3H2O → 2Na3Al(OH)6 (reacting with hot base)

Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O → 2NaAl(OH)4 (reacting with base)

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Uses of alumina (Al2O3)

  • Chemically inert makes it very useful

  • Filler, paints, sunscreens, and glass

  • Used as a stationary phase in chromatography

  • Also an effective desiccant (drying agent)