01 Geography Megatrends Y8
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43 Terms
DEFINITION: What is a megatrend? (1)
A megatrend is a pattern or movement which has a long-term impact on business and societies.
PRACTICE QUESTION: Suggest reasons why megatrends exist. (3)
Rapid urbanisation
Technological breakthroughs
Demographic/social changes
CASE STUDY: How many people are being added to urban populations every week?
1.5 million
THEORY: How will the workplace change in the next 50 years? (1)
It will get more digital as we work more virtually.
Why are some geographical problems so complicated compared to other subjects? (3)
The world keeps changing in ways we have never seen.
It is hard to reach a total agreement.
They do not have a single answer.
THEORY: What are some wicked geographical problems? (ANY 4 OF 6)
Population growth
Conflict, war and politics
Lack of resources (food, water)
Natural disasters
Land and borders
land loss and deforestation
erosion - Happisburgh
IMPORTANT: What are the 6 megatrends? (6)
Shifts in global economic power
An ageing, top heavy and growing population
Accelerating urbanisation
Rise of technology and technological breakthroughs
Increasing affluence and consumption
Climate change and resource scarcity.
What makes geographical problems really hard to solve, scale-wise and location-wise? (2)
Problems can vary from global to international to local scales.
It is really hard for countries with a political/conflicted history to reach an agreement.
MEGATREND 1: What are shifts in global economic power?
A change in the most economically influential countries and companies on the planet.
MEGATREND 2: What is an ageing and growing population?
The fact that the number of people in our planet is rising and those who are on our planet are getting older, which means our population is going more top-heavy.
MEGATREND 3: What is accelerating urbanisation?
The development of places turning from less to more urban, while people migrate from rural country sides to urban megacities.
MEGATREND 4: What is the rise of technology?
The takeover of digital technologies in our every moment at home or at the workplace or even daily life (with driverless cars)
MEGATREND 5: What is increasing affluence and consumption?
The fact that the average person is getting richer and buying more things leading to inflation.
MEGATREND 6: What is climate change and resource scracity?
The fact that the planet is altering at rates we have never seen before in ways we have never seen before, as the natural resources are being drained by humanity.
MEGATREND 1: Where is the current economical dominance?
Western Europe and USA.
MEGATREND 1: Where will be the next economical powerhouses in the next 100 or so years?
Emerging and developing Asia.
What is the Valeriepieris Circle?
It’s a circle in which more people live inside than outside showing high population density in those areas.
How large is the Valeriepieris Circle? (radius)
3300km
Where is the Valeriepieris Circle?
Around eastern Asia
Spans from India to Indonesia. (east-west wise)
What are the 7 dimensions of power?
Global influence
Geography (location)
Population
Resources
Economy
Military
National identity
Diplomacy
What’s happening to our economy?
Slowly more of the global share of the world’s economy is going to E+D Asia and leaving the US and Europe.
What happened to our population in the 1900s?
Exponential growth by around 6 billion people.
Why do people live longer now than 1950? (3)
Healthcare
Awareness of good health
Healthy habits
What are some positives of population growth? (2)
More military and economy support
More chance of discoveries
What are some negatives of population growth? (2)
Overcrowding/overpopulation
Not enough services for this high population.
What are some positives of ageing populations? (2)
More family time
Higher life expectancy and quality of life
What are negatives of ageing populations? (2)
Economic pressure on the active
Not enough students for school.
GAP FILL: E________ and D________ Asia will take over our economy whilst the population a___ and g___.
emerging, developing, age, grow
What are some pull factors for rural-urban migration? (ANY 3)
Education and job opportunities
Service access
Convenience and accessibility
Vibrant diverse community
Medical support
Family links
Technology
What are some push factors for rural-urban migration? (ANY 3)
Politics, war and conflict
Lack of hygiene and medical service
No technology
No job and education opportunities
Lack of entertainment
What percentage of the world is living in an urban area? What will this value be by 2050?
50%, 67%
What is an urban area?
CASE STUDY: In 1960 what percentage of people lived in urban areas?
33%
CASE STUDY: When did the world become more predominantly urban?
2007
CASE STUDY: When the urban-rural split was 50:50, what was the population?
6.6 billion.
If there are more devices owned than the population in the world, does it mean everyone on the planet has access to technology? (1)
No.
Who is missing out on tech? (3)
People who can’t afford it
People who don’t have exposure to it
People living in more rural areas.
State some positives from technology. (4)
Convenience
Research
Faster access to world news
Entertainment
State some negatives from technology. (4)
Exposure to bad content
Hinders vision
Too reliable on AI
Addiction and laziness with scams
How can the elderly suffer from technology? (2)
Used to traditional methods, hard to adapt
Being made fun of by not understanding new things
What does OBE stand for? (3)
Overall
Breakdown
Evidence
Why does low tech exposure limit development of a country? (2)
Lack of knowledge of current affairs
Less appeal to migration which worsens economy
GAP FILL: Humans are slowly becoming more u____ species as technology increasingly p________ society but there are definitely w_____ and l______ to tech.
urban, permeates, winners, losers