Effective Communication Lecture - Speech Styles & Purposes

Vocabulary flashcards defining core concepts, speech styles, speech purposes, claims of persuasive speech, and methods of speech delivery based on the provided Effective Communication lecture notes.

Speech

The verbal expression of thoughts, feelings, and ideas through spoken language, involving vocalizations, tone, pitch, volume, and other paralinguistic cues to convey meaning.

Joos (1961) Speech Styles

The five categories of speech styles: intimate, casual, consultative, formal, and frozen.

Intimate Speech Style

A speech style used when talking to people who are close and known very well, characterized by inside vocabulary, words of endearment, and non-verbal cues like touching or prolonged eye contact.

Casual Speech Style

A speech style used to communicate in an informal setup among people in the same sub-culture, characterized by relaxed interactions, jargon, slang, and contractions.

Consultative Speech Style

A semi-formal, transactional speech style used with strangers and acquaintances that requires correct grammar and appropriate word choice to achieve a goal.

Formal Speech Style

An authoritative, usually one-way speech style used in professional and academic settings that requires complete sentences and carefully selected words to impart information.

Frozen Speech Style

The most formal speech style featuring fixed, ceremonial language that usually remains unchanged over time, commonly used in traditions, oaths, and prayers.

Entertainment Speech

A light-hearted, humorous speech intended to amuse the audience and hold their attention through witty narratives.

Speech of Introduction

A type of entertainment speech designed to present a person or an award.

Speech of Acceptance

A speech made to express one's gratitude for receiving an award.

Tribute Speech

A speech that calls to celebrate an individual's achievement.

Toast

A brief tribute to a person or an event being celebrated.

Roast

A humorous tribute that pokes fun at the person being honored.

Eulogy

A speech that celebrates and commemorates the life of the deceased while consoling those left behind.

Informative Speech

A speech that educates or informs the audience about a topic by providing knowledge, explaining concepts, or clarifying issues.

Speech about Processes

An informative speech that focuses on sequences or procedures to instruct the audience on how to do something.

Speech about Events

An informative speech that talks about past, present, or future circumstances to inform the audience.

Speech about Concepts

An informative speech that sheds light on intangible or abstract ideas, such as beliefs, knowledge, or principles.

Persuasive Speech

A speech aimed at convincing the audience to adopt a certain viewpoint or take a specific action using logical arguments, emotional appeals, and evidence.

Claim of Fact

A claim in a persuasive speech asserting that something exists, happened, or is true, which can be proven or disproven using evidence.

Claim of Value

A claim in a persuasive speech expressing a judgment about whether something is good, bad, right, wrong, beneficial, or harmful based on standards or beliefs.

Claim of Policy

A claim in a persuasive speech that recommends a specific course of action or solution, telling the audience what should or should not be done.

Reading from a Manuscript

A delivery method where the speech is read word-for-word (verbatim) from a prepared text, used when exact words are crucial.

Memorized Speech

A delivery method requiring the speaker to master the speech enough to present it without notes, which should be kept short to avoid sounding insincere.

Impromptu Speech

A speech delivered on the spot without prior preparation, requiring quick thinking and clear articulation in response to unexpected situations.

Extemporaneous Speech

A speech prepared in advance but delivered without a full script, using an outline or notes to allow for natural delivery and adaptability.