Unit 1 Vocabulary Review

A vocabulary list in English covering terms from the provided transcript, including parts of speech and definitions.

Sufficient

Adjective signifying enough or adequate for a particular purpose.

Surpass

Verb meaning to exceed, go beyond, or be superior to.

Neglect

Verb meaning to fail to care for properly or to abandon responsibility.

Focal point

Noun referring to the center of interest, activity, or attention.

Expenses

Noun representing the costs or money required for something.

Budget

Noun describing an estimate of income and expenditure for a set period.

Finance / Financial

The management of large amounts of money (noun) or relating to the management of money (adjective).

Specialized equipment

Noun referring to tools or machinery designed for a specific purpose or field.

Possibility / Possible

A chance that something may happen (noun) or able to be done or happen (adjective).

Operate

Verb meaning to control the functioning of a machine, process, or system.

Blame

Verb meaning to assign responsibility for a fault, wrong, or mistake.

Depletion

Noun referring to the reduction or exhaustion of the number or quantity of something.

Severe

Adjective describing something very great, intense, or serious.

Altitude

Noun indicating the height of an object or point in relation to sea level or ground level.

Estimate

Verb meaning to roughly calculate or judge the value, number, or quantity of something.

Tough

Adjective describing something difficult to do or strong enough to withstand adverse conditions.

Approach

Noun referring to a specific way of dealing with a situation or problem.

Human right

Noun representing a right that is believed to belong justifiably to every person.

Fundamental

Adjective meaning forming a necessary base or core; of central importance.

Scheme

Noun referring to a large-scale systematic plan or arrangement for putting a particular idea into effect.

Penalize / Penalty

Verb meaning to subject to a punishment or a disadvantage; noun referring to the punishment itself.

Threaten

Verb meaning to state one's intention to take hostile action or cause harm.

Concrete

Noun referring to a heavy building material or cement.

Restrain

Verb meaning to prevent someone or something from doing something; to keep under control.

Shrinkage / Shrink

Noun referring to the process of becoming smaller in size; verb meaning to become smaller.

Expansion

Noun referring to the action of becoming larger or more extensive.

Dawn

Noun representing the first appearance of light in the sky or the beginning of something.

Unique

Adjective meaning being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else.

Classify

Verb meaning to arrange a group of people or things in classes or categories according to shared qualities.

Rude

Adjective describing someone who is offensively impolite or ill-mannered.

Detrimental

Adjective meaning tending to cause harm; harmful.

Indispensable

Adjective meaning absolutely necessary or essential.

Phenomenon

Noun referring to a fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen, especially one whose cause is in question.

Victim

Noun referring to a person harmed, injured, or killed as a result of a crime, accident, or other event.

Inadequate

Adjective meaning lacking the quality or quantity required; insufficient.

Obesity

Noun referring to the state of being grossly fat or overweight.

Theory

Noun referring to a system of ideas intended to explain something.

Activate

Verb meaning to make something active or operative.

Substance

Noun referring to a particular kind of matter with uniform properties.

Pain-reliever

Noun referring to a medicine used to alleviate pain.

Sense of wellbeing

Noun phrase describing a feeling of being healthy, happy, or comfortable.

Long-lasting

Adjective describing something that endures or exists for a long period of time.

Digest

Verb meaning to break down food in the alimentary canal into substances that can be absorbed by the body.

Stimulate

Verb meaning to raise levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body or to encourage interest.

Tolerant

Adjective meaning showing willingness to allow the existence of opinions or behaviors that one does not necessarily agree with.

Diarrhea

Noun referring to a condition in which feces are discharged from the bowels frequently and in a liquid form.

Alert

Adjective meaning quick to notice any unusual and potentially dangerous circumstances; vigilant.

Jitter

Noun referring to feelings of extreme nervousness, anxiety, or being unsettled.

Regulate

Verb meaning to control or maintain the rate or speed of a machine or process so that it operates properly.

Downside

Noun referring to the negative or less favorable aspect of something.

Respiratory problem

Noun phrase referring to medical issues affecting the organs and structures that help a person breathe.

Seepage

Noun referring to the slow escape of a liquid or gas through porous material or small holes.

Finite / Infinite

Adjective meaning limited in size or extent versus adjective meaning limitless or endless.

Compression / Compress

Noun referring to the action of being flattened by pressure; verb meaning to squeeze or press together.

Contender

Noun referring to a person or group competing with others to achieve something.

Obstacle

Noun referring to a thing that blocks one's way or prevents progress.

Dearth

Noun representing a scarcity or lack of something.

Depth / Deep

Noun referring to the distance from the top to the bottom of something; adjective meaning extending far down from the surface.

By-product

Noun representing an incidental or secondary product made in the manufacture of something else.

Situation

Noun referring to a set of circumstances or a state of affairs.

Crime / Criminal

An illegal act (noun) or a person who has committed a crime (noun).

Conduct

Verb meaning to organize and carry out a survey, study, or research.

Conclude

Verb meaning to bring something to an end or arrive at a judgment by reasoning.

Pretend

Verb meaning to behave so as to make it appear that something is the case when in fact it is not.

Inhabitant

Noun referring to a person or animal that lives in or occupies a place.

Ignore

Verb meaning to refuse to take notice of or acknowledge.

Notice

Verb meaning to become aware of something.

Instant

Adjective meaning happening or coming immediately.

Comprehend

Verb meaning to grasp or understand something mentally.

Consider

Verb meaning to think carefully about something, typically before making a decision.