APWH 5.1-5.2 people

Thomas Hobbes

Believed in an absolute monarch, that humans are evil and nasty, and that religious practices serve social purposes.

Hobbes' view on women

believed that women are equal to men.

John Locke

Believed in humans' ability to work together, individual religious beliefs, shared property, and empowering women.

Locke's view on behavior

thought behavior is shaped by experiences and the environment.

Voltaire

Argued for separation of church and state, freedom of religion, and insisted that government should not be influenced by religion.

Voltaire's view on women

believed women were equal to receiving what others have.

Montesquieu's contribution

Introduced the division of powers (checks and balances) in government.

Montesquieu's belief on religion

Not religious but believed in a divine being.

Montesquieu's view on women

Believed women were weaker than men but capable of good decision-making.

Jean Jacques Rousseau's government

Proposed direct democracy where everyone voted to express the general will.

Rousseau on religion

Believed religious beliefs were inevitable, as no state could exist without them.

Rousseau's view on women

Limited women's roles to caregiving; allowed education but considered it lesser than men.

Rousseau's view on human nature

Believed people were inherently good, unselfish, and non-violent.