Mao's China 1945-76

CCP

Strong peasant support and effective guerrilla tactics.

Guomindang

Better equipped and control over cities.

Mao's success

Effective leadership, urban unrest, and peasant support.

Mao's ideology

Dominant position in CCP and emphasis on mass membership and democratic centralism.

CCP consolidation

Use of terror and implementation of 'three antis' and 'five antis' movements.

Hundred Flowers campaign

Encouraged criticism of communist rule and tested intellectual loyalty.

Key features of Hundred Flowers

Criticism of regime and subsequent 'Anti-Rightist' purge.

Early agricultural changes

Attacks on landlordism and enforced collectivization.

First Five-Year Plan

Supported by USSR and aimed at rapid industrialization.

Great Leap Forward

Aimed to rapidly industrialize China and promote communal living.

Great Leap Forward outcomes

Increased industrial output but decreased agricultural productivity; Lushan Conference highlighted failures.

Private farming restoration

Addressed collectivization failures and aimed to increase agricultural productivity.

Economic reforms under Liu and Deng

Aimed to boost productivity and living standards with an emphasis on pragmatism.

Cultural Revolution reasons

Power struggle among Mao, Liu, and Deng; purification of communism and education reform.

Mao's influence on youth

Mobilized Red Guards through mass rallies; Jiang Qing led attacks on CCP and traditional culture.

Political effects of Cultural Revolution

Purging of CCP members and rise and fall of figures like Lin Biao.

Cultural Revolution impact on education and industry

Disruption in education and changes in industry due to purges.

End of Cultural Revolution

PLA's intervention to restore order and return of Deng Xiaoping to power.

Propaganda and censorship

Cult of Mao promoted through propaganda and thought control via censorship.

Changes in family life and women's role

Impact of collectivization on families and improved status of women through reforms.

Educational and health reforms

Growth in literacy and healthcare access; collapse of education during Cultural Revolution.