Concept 2 notes

Describing Acids and Bases

Strength is based on the degree to which an acid or ___ forms ___in water.

base, ions

A strong acid or base is one that ___ or dissociates completely in an ___ solution.

ionizes, aqueous

The more ___ the substance, the more it will ___ or ionize, and the stronger it will be.

polar, dissociate

A strong electrolyte

Also a strong acid or base

A ___ acid only releases a few ___ ions in an aqueous solution.

weak, hydrogen

A weak ___ only releases a few ___ ions in an aqueous solution

base, hydroxide

pH

A mathematical scale representing the concentration of H3O+ ions on a scale of 0-14.

pOH

A mathematical scale that representing the concentration of OH- ions on a scale of 0-14.

The greater the ___, the lower the ___.

[H3O+], pH

The greater the ___, the ___ the pOH.

[OH-], lower

As pH goes___, ___ goes ___.

up, pOH, down

pH + pOH =

14

pH and pOH are

inversely proportional

HA + H2O —>

H3O+ + A-

BOH + H2O—>

OH- + B+

Examples of weak acids

HC2H3O2, H3PO4, H2CO3

Examples of weak bases

NH3, Al(OH)3, Fe(OH)3