Psych 350 Purdue Exam 1

hippocrates

___________________ said personality was defined by body chemicals called humors

phlegmatic

slow, sluggish

melancholia

depressive

sanguine

cheerful

choleric

quick-tempered

dualism

mind vs body

15-17

____-____th centuries were the period for witch hunts and exorcisms

malleus maleficarum

one of the most famous manuals for witch hunts

Pussin, Pinel

18th & 19th centuries led by ___________ and _____________

humane, caring

Pussin created and incurables ward base on ____________ and ____________ treatment

moral therapy

treat hospitalized patients with care and understanding

existing

___________ theory is when we use current understanding of idea and all research from before

experimental

this method manipulates independent and dependent variables

incidence

rates of occurrence of specific disorder

prevalence

number of new cases for one specific time period

kinship

which study focuses on genotype vs phenotype?

medical model

the term "mental disorder" is derived from the ________ __________

medical model

views abnormal behavior as a set of symptoms that are the cause of underlying illness or brain disorder

origin of medical model

hippocrates said ailments come from natural causes not demons

syndromes

clusters of symptoms that are indicative of particular disease/condition

genetics

medical model fosters inquiry into ___________

informed consent, confidentiality

Ethics in psychological are rooted in __________ ____________, and ____________________

repression

motivated forgetting

Charcot, Breuer

__________ and ____________ used hypnosis to treat hysterical paralysis

catharsis

the aim of hypnotic therapy was to bring unconscious emotions to the surface so a ___________ could take place

psychodynamic model

based on the internal dynamics of the unconscious mind

analytical psychology

developed by Carl Jung and believed that an understadning of human behavior must incorporate self-awareness and self-direction as well as impulses of the id and mechanisms of defense

archetypes

According to Jung, emotionally charged images and thought forms that have universal meaning.

inferiority complex

Alfred Adler was in Freud's inner circle but broke away bc he thought people are driven by an _____________ _____________ not by sexual instinct

Karen Horney

stressed the importance of child-parent relationships in dvlp emotional problems

classical

learning by association with things and environment (think Pavlov and salivating dogs)

operant

learning by consequences like reinforcement and punishment(BF Skinner, Watson, think reinforcement)

social cognitive theory

Focuses on changing behavior now, not the past, generally more likely to be rooted in science but it does include role of observing others, very effective in types of therapy and very effective.

self actualization

inborn tendency to strive to become all they are capable of being

cognitive

___________ models focus on how we view reality based on information, memories, thought processes

maladaptive

According to cognitive models, illness is a result of ________________ thought patterns

judgments

Albert Ellis believed that negative emotions arise from _____________________ we make about events we experience, not the events themselves

activating, beliefs, consequences

Albert Ellis's ABC model that states that ____________ events react with __________ to bring about responses to _______________________

thinking

Aaron Beck believe that depressions may result from errors in __________. Like judging oneself entirely on the basis os one's flaws or failures and interpreting events in a negative light

control

Thomas Szasz MD believed that mental disorder classification system is an attempt by society to _________________ those who are different

involuntary

Szasz vehemently criticized the system of ___________________ commitment

Szasz

____________ criticized the medical model as turning people into passive "patients" instead of active controllers of their own lives

Szasz

___________ also argued that people had problems in living

interactionist

this is aka the biopsychosocial perspective. Mental illness is rooted in biological, psychological, and sociocultural causes

biopsychosocial

This approach is the most current approach to abnormal behavior

psychodynamic therapy

general term referring to types of psychotherapy that are Freudian based and seek insight and resolve in the conflicts between the dynamic unconscious mind that is believed to root abnormal behavior

free association, dream, transference

The main methods used in psychodynamic therapy was _______ ___________________ and ________ therapy, and analysis of the _______________ relationship

free association

process of expressing whatever thoughts come to mind

behavior therapy

systematic application of the principles of learning to the treatment of psychological disorders. Relatively brief

behavior, personality

behavior therapy is focused on changing _________________ not changing _______________ or deep probing of the past.

systematic desensitization

a therapeutic program that gradually exposes a client to progressively more fearful stimuli while they remain realxed

person centered therapy

major form of humanistic therapy that creates conditions of warmth and acceptance that helps client become more aware and accepting of their true selves

nondirective

person directed therapy is _____________________

reflection

the therapist uses _________________ in person centered therapy where they restate or paraphrase what client says without interpreting or judging them

maladaptive

in cognitive therapy, the aim is to have people identify and understand ________________ thought patterns then change them to improve their life

learned helplessness

the hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events

rational emotive

____________ ____________ behavior therapy is when the therapist actively disputes irrational or maladaptive beliefs

technical

_______________ eclectics draw techniques from the different approaches

integrative

__________________ eclectics attempt to synthesize an approach that draws on principles of other approaches

rorschach

What is an example of test that has weak reliability?

Jean Baptiste Pussin, Philippe Pinel

Who led the reform movement in the 18-19th centuries?

Pussin

__________ established an incurables ward based on humane, caring treatment

moral

Pussin and Pinel were robust leader for ___________ therapy

Griesinger, Kraepelin

Following hippocrates' establishment of humors, later, ______________ and _________________ argued that mental disorder has a physical basis

physical

Greisinger and Kraepelin argued that mental disorders have a ______________ basis

talking cures

Charcot and Breuer were rooted in ____________ _____________ in the 1800s

Charcot, Breuer

Led talking cures and used hypnosis as a means of bringing unconscious emotions to the surface so a catharsis could take place

Charcot, Breuer

Who influenced Freud into creating his psychodynamic model

Freud

________ proposed a psychodynamic model based on the internal dynamic of the unconscious mind. Illness stems from an imbalance of those unconscious drives/impulses, or from negative childhood experience

Jung

_________ created and incorporated analytical psychology from Freud's psychodynamic model. He added more of a role for self-awareness and self-direction.

Alfred Adler

___________ ____________ created individual psychology that says we are driven by inferiority complex and need for superiority

Horney, Sullivan

_____________ and ______________ focused on social contexts and objected to the sexism of Freud's model

BF Skinner

Who focused on operant conditioning?

Pavlov, Watson

Who focused on classical conditioning?

cognitive

Albert Ellis was focused on ______________ psychology

behavioral

Watson, Skinner focused specifically on _______________ psychology

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

Who were principle figures in humanistic psychology?

Rogers

Who focused on person centered therapy in order to lead the client down the pathway to self actualization?

cognitive

Albert Ellis was focused on ___________________ psychology

Aaron Beck

Who developed one of the major models of therapy known as cognitive therapy?

Thomas Szasz

Who focused on sociocultural psychology?

Albert Ellis

Who developed the rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)?

cognitive

Aaron Beck believed depression is a result from _________ errors

selective abstraction

focus on flaws, ignore strengths

overgeneralization

the tendency to interpret a single negative event as a never-ending pattern of defeat and failure

magnificatoin

blow things out of proportion

absolutist thinking

thinking in all or nothing or strictly black and white terms (there is no gray area)

Szasz

Who wrote The Myth of Mental Illness