Chapter 27 Nutrition

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30 Terms

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Vitamins
________ and minerals are considered micronutrients and can be obtained through supplements or plants (variety)
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Na+ K+ Maintain
________ resting membrane potential in excitable cells, Required to generate action potential.
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Insulin
________ is a major regulatory hormone, released from pancreas to increase blood glucose, stimulates liver & muscles cells.
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Essential nutrients
________ must be obtained and absorbed via digestive system from diet.
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Nutrition
________ is the study of how living organisms obtain and utilize nutrients needed to grow and sustain life.
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Body weight
________ is maintained when calories consumed and calories expended are in balance.
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fatty acids
Polyunsaturated ________ have two or more double bonds, liquid at room temp.
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Nonessential nutrients
________ are Provided by biochemical body processes, NOT REQUIRED IN DIET,
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Fibers
________ are molecules of both plants and animals & Can not be chemically digested and absorbed by GI tract.
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cellular respiration
All macronutrients provide fuel for ________ to form ATP (i.e., they provide energy)
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Fe3+
________ in hemoglobin binds to O2, In mitochondria electron transport system binds electrons.
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DNA
Synthesize nitrogen- containing molecule (________, RNA, porphyrin)
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Water
________ is also considered a nutrient.
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Organic molecules
________: carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
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Glucagon
________ is a major regulatory hormone released during postabsorptive state and released in response to decreasing blood glucose levels.
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starches
Refined ________ are thickness and stabilizers.
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Sugars
________ and starch are usually converted to glucose as primary energy, not an essential nutrient.
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RDA
________ is the recommended daily allowance.
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Nutrients
________ are biomolecules, vitamins, and minerals.
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amino acids
Stimulates cell results in an increase of ________ uptake resulting in increase of protein synthesis.
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Vegans
________ do not eat any animal products.
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Polysaccharides
________: tubers, grains, beans, peas.
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Minerals
________ are inorganic ions obtained from diet (required in daily amounts)
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Macronutrients
________ must be consumed in relatively large quantities and are needed in daily amounts.
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peas
Lentils, ________, beans, whole grains, oatmeal, berries, nuts are good sources of fiber.
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Nutrient levels
________ are regulated during and following meals.
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adequate quantities
Proteins are the most MOST DIVERSE MOLECULES, Needed in ________ to replace worn out protein structures.
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Lacto ovo vegetarians
________ do not eat animal flesh but eat milk, eggs, cheese.
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Micronutrients
________ must be consumed in small quantities.
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Absorptive state
________ is time during eating, digesting, absorbing nutrients, (4hr after meal)