Mental health and wellness

Protective factor

Factors in the social environment that support health, wellness, and preparedness for adverse or stressful events, including:

access to supportive relationships and nurturing
• awareness of resources
• insight and capacity to use coping strategies

Cyclothymic disorder

Less severe form of bipolar disorder

Duration of symptoms does not meet the criteria of major manic or depressive disorder

Egocentrism

Inability to consider perspectives or beliefs other than one's own (i.e., a person who is egocentric sees themselves as the center of attention)

May result in a belief of being above rules and consequences 

Major depressive disorder (MDD)

Mood disorder that may be characterized by:

• persistent low mood
• anhedonia
• changes in sleeping and appetite
• decreased energy
• feelings of hopelessness

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Congenital birth defect secondary to gestational exposure to alcohol resulting in mild to severe impairment in one or more of the following areas of development:
• physical
• cognitive
• social
• behavior

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)

Childhood traumatic events that may cause psychological distress

Examples may include:
• being involved in a violent crime, abuse, or neglect
• separation of family unit
• housing insecurity
• natural disaster that disrupts regular routines

Binge eating disorder

Eating disorder characterized by:
• excessive intake and weight gain
• maladaptive coping mechanism to deal with stress, anxiety, or depression

Alzheimer’s disease (AD): Moderate stage

Stage of Alzheimer’s disease progression associated with:
• increased memory loss and confusion
• impulsive behavior
• difficulty in completing daily activities
• poor problem solving and judgement
• may experience hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia

Alzheimer’s disease (AD): Severe stage

Stage of Alzheimer’s disease progression associated with:
• inability to communicate
• dependent in ADL
• dysphagia and increased risk of aspiration
• incontinence

Depersonalization

DSM-5 classification of dissociative disorders characterized by:
• retreating into a dreamy world with unrealistic feelings
• impaired self-awareness
• disconnecting from the physical being

Alzheimer’s disease (AD)

Most common form of dementia characterized by a decline in memory, thinking and performance skills with 3 stages:
• mild
• moderate
• severe

Personality disorders

Psychological condition that may be characterized by:
• disturbance of personality traits
• behaviors inconsistent with societal norms and expectations
• problems with interpersonal relationships

Splitting

Strain between therapist-client relationship and/or interprofessional team members where the staff response to manipulative behaviors of a client include:
• blurring professional boundaries
• creating team division

Bipolar disorders

Mood condition that manifests as manic, depressive, or mixed episodes:
• type I is primarily manic
• type II is primarily depressive

Anxiety disorders

Emotional condition characterized by an abnormal reaction, overwhelming fear, and uncontrollable thoughts resulting in a physiological response impacting daily function

Emotional lability

A neurobehavioral impairment characterized by a rapid change in mood that is often disproportionate to the circumstance or the expected emotion

Eating disorders

Emotional and physical disorders including extreme preoccupation with food, body image, and weight

Intervention approaches may include:
• cognitive behavioral therapy
• group therapy
• family therapy

Attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder

Neurobehavioral disorder characterized by inappropriate or excessive display of one or more of the following behaviors:
• inattention
• restlessness
• impulsivity
• emotional dysregulation
• sensory processing
• social immaturity

Affective instability

Emotional state commonly seen in borderline personality disorder, characterized by rapid mood swings usually between negative emotions such as:
• anger
• anxiety
• depression

Anorexia nervosa

Eating disorder characterized by:
• fear of gaining weight
• inability to maintain adequate nutritional intake due to distorted perception of body weight and body image

Schizophrenia

Psychotic thought disorder with altered sense of reality, symptoms may include:
• hallucinations and delusions
• disturbance in thinking and behavior
• emotional blunting, social isolation, and cognitive changes

Alzheimer’s disease (AD): Mild Stage

Stage of Alzheimer’s disease progression associated with:
• difficulty remembering new information
• getting lost
• challenges with money management
• increased time to complete ADL and routines
• mood and personality changes

Bulimia nervosa

Eating disorder characterized by:
• fear of gaining weight
• binge eating followed by purging (e.g., vomiting, or use of laxatives/diuretics) secondary to excessive concern about body weight