Chapter 1 Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy and Physiology are difficult to separate because

 

physiological functions depend on anatomical structures.

The activities of an anatomist consist of _________, whereas those of a physiologist consist of _________.

observing body parts; studying functions of body parts

Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of complexity?

Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism

The removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions is

excretion.

Homeostasis is the

the tendency of the body to maintain a stable internal environment.

In negative feedback mechanisms, changes away from the normal state (set point)

stimulate changes in the opposite direction.

Positive feedback mechanisms

move conditions away from the normal state (set point).

Which of the following organs is in the abdominopelvic cavity?

The liver

The membrane on the surface of a lung is called the 

visceral pleura.

The thoracic cavity lies ______________ the abdominopelvic cavity.

superior to

Blood cells are produced in the organs of the _____________ system.

skeletal

A parietal layer of a serous membrane__________, whereas as visceral layer of a serous membrane_____________.

lines cavities; covers organs

1

cranial cavity

2

thoracic cavity

3

vertebral cavity

4

diaphragm

5

abdominal cavity

6

pelvic cavity

A

proximal

B

distal

C

medial

D

lateral

E

superior

F

inferior

G

anterior

H

posterior

1

otic

2

sternal

3

axillary

4

abdominal

5

umbilical

6

femoral

7

patellar

8

tarsal

9

occipital

10

vertebral

11

dorsal

12

sural

A B

nervous system

endocrine system

C D

cardiovascular system

lymphatic system

E F G

digestive system

respiratory system

urinary system

coronal plane

green

transverse plane

purple

sagittal plane

red

horizontal plane

purple

frontal plane

green

midsagittal plane

red