PSAD (Principles of Structural Analysis and Design)

K1 + K2

A mass hangs on two parallel springs. The individual spring stiffness are K1 and K2 What is the total composite spring constant? (TIGNAN YUNG PICTURE)

Determine the spring constant for the system of springs in series (TIGNAN YUNG ANSWER IN PICTURE FORM)

Rupture Strength

Identify the state of stress in a material described as follows: Stress at Failure

Ultimate Strength

Highest Ordinate in Stress-Strain diagram

Yield Strength

An Appreciable elongation or yielding of the material without any corresponding increase of load.

Kinetic Friction

What do you call the retarding force acting opposite a body in motion

Story Drift

It is the displacement of one level relative to the level above or below

Torsional Shear Stress

Occurs when the center of mass and rigidity do not coincide

Fatigue

If the structure is subjected to a cycle of stresses and , it causes the beam to have sudden ultimate structure

Magnitude of Earthquake

It is measured by the Richter scale

Reference Points

it is measured by a Seismometer

Focal Depth

besides the epicenter, it describes the location of the Earthquake

Orthotropic

Identify the material property described by the following material : The composite material exhibits elastic properties in one direction different from that in the perpendicular direction.

Homogeneous

Identify the material property described by the following material : The material has the same composition at every point but the elastic may not be the same in all directions

A sudden drop in the Shear Strength of a soil

Liquefaction is best described as

Reciprocal of Deflection

Which refers to the rigidity of a structure ?

Center of Rigidity

Identify the following : It is the point through which the resultant of the resistance to the applied lateral force acts.

Center of Mass

Identify the following : It is the point through which the applied Seismic Force acts

Reciprocal of Stiffness

Identify the following : It refers to Flexibility of a Structure

Soft Story

One in which the lateral stiffness is less than 70% of the stiffness of the story above is called

Story Drift

A lateral displacement of one level relative of the level above or below is called

Eccentricity

Identify the following : It is the distance between the center of rigidity and center of mass

Toughness

Which material property is referred to by the following : The material has the ability to absorb energy in the Plastic Range

Resilience

Which material property is referred to by the following : The material has the ability to absorb energy in the Elastic Range

Ductility

Which material property is referred to by the following : The material has the ability to defuse the Plastic Range without Breaking

Ground Displacement

Which of the following is measured by a seismometer?

Yielding

Identify the Property of the material described by the following : The material deforms considerably even with a slight increase in stress

Elasticity

Identify the Property of the material described by the following : The material regains its original dimensions When the load is removed.

Ductility

Identify the Property of the material described by the following : The material deforms in the Plastic range without breaking

Inverse Stiffness

Which of the following refers to the flexibility of a structure ?

Isotropic

Which material property is described by the following : The material has the same elastic properties in all directions.

Homogeneous

Which material has the same compression at any point ?

Pre Tensioning

Which of the following terms is described herein? Stressing high strength steel wires before concrete hardens.

Post Tensioning

Which of the following terms is described herein ? Stressing high strength steel after the concrete has been cast and has attained sufficient strength.

Relaxation

Which of the following terms is described herein ? Loss of stress that takes place with the passage of time as concrete is held at a constant strain.

Column

Which structural member has the ratio of its unsupported height to its least lateral dimension of not less than 3 and is used primarily to support Axial Load ?

Resultant

What do you call the force which determines whether the body will be in equilibrium or will have a varying state of motion.

Hooke's Law

Identify the principle used in equations related to the deformation of axially loaded materials : That the stress is proportional to the strain within the Elastic Region.

Poisson's Ratio

Identify the principle used in equations related to the deformation of axially loaded materials : That in the deformation of axially loaded members, the ratio of the lateral to the longitudinal strain is constant.

Young's Modulus

Identify the principle used in equations related to the deformation of axially loaded materials : That within the elastic range, it is the constant of proportionality that defines the linear relationship between stress and strain.

Static

Which term refers to the force generated by a body at rest ?

Dynamic

Which terms refers to the force generated by a body in motion ?

Proportional Limit

What is the term for the value beyond which the stress is no longer proportional to the strain

Ductility

Which property of a material enables it to under large permanent strains before failure