AP CSP Unit 3 Vocabulary

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34 Terms

1

procedure

a named collection of steps in an algorithm that can be reused anytime it is needed without restating the detailed procedures (abstraction)

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2

concatenation

chaining together or placing two or more separate things side by side so that they are treated as one.

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3

string

a linear sequence of characters, words, or other data

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4

dichotomous

in which something can only be one thing or another (yes or no)

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5

binary code

code represented with the two symbols of 1 and 0

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6

bits

the foundation for digital computing (1s and 0s) - short for binary digits

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7

digital

how information is stored, accessed, transformed, and used by computers

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8

state space

the space of potential possibilities

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9

exponential growth

the rate of growth that rapidly increases in proportion to the growing total number or size

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10

decimal

describes the base-10 number system. The most commonly used number system

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11

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)

a table that outlines a common set of conventions for converting between binary values and alphanumeric characters

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12

alphanumeric

the characters that consist of uppercase and lowercase letters and numerals 0-9

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13

digital noise

irrelevant or meaningless data that has found its way into otherwise meaningful code

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14

abstraction

the process of removing or suppressing details to create a manageable level of complexity

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15

bit string

a sequence of bits that can be used to represent sets or manipulate binary data

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16

mapping

associating each element of a given set with one or more elements of a second set

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17

data

characters, symbols, or quantities on which operations are performed, stored, and/or transmitted by a computer

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18

unicode

a binary encoding system representing much more of the world's text than ASCII (represents 65,536 different characters)

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19

hexadecimal

a base-16 number system using numbers 0-9 and letters A-F to represent eight binary digits or one byte

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20

Morse Code

a code where letters are represented by combinations of long and short signals of light or sound

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21

Baudot Code

a binary code invented by Emile Baudot in 1870 that encodes 32 characters

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22

variable-width encoding

using codes of different lengths to encode a character set (e.g., Morse Code)

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23

fixed-width encoding

using codes with a fixed width to encode a character set (e.g., Baudot Code)

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24

discrete

separate or divided (digital)

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25

continuous

unbroken, without interruption (analog)

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26

approximation

digital copies are only approximations of the natural object

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27

analog

non-digital signals represented by a continuously variable physical quantity

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28

list

a data structure (also called an array) that stores multiple pieces of information at once

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29

data structure

a particular way of organizing and storing data, such as an array or table

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30

index value

the representation of the location of each item in a list

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31

output

observable behaviors generated by the computer, such as animation, sound, and text

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32

join

a block in Scratch that concatenates or links two values together

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33

linear search

a method for finding a target value within a list by checking each value until a match is found or all elements are searched

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34

substring

a subset of a string of alphanumeric fields or variables

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