Chapter 17: Chemical Texture Services

The chemical hair relaxing process includes a(n) _.

Neutralizer

Which of the following is also known as a Jheri curl?

Curl reformation

Permanent waving __.

Redirect resistant growth patterns until new growth occurs

Pictures, magazines, and stylebooks help you to figure out the client's _.

likes and dislikes

What type of questions will help you to determine the clients desires and past experience with texture services?

Open-ended

How long will a client consultation typically take?

a few minutes

What type of hair has a raised cuticle layer that easily absorbs chemical solutions?

Porous

If the elasticity is good, the hair _ after stretching.

Contracts

What type of hair may be more resistant to chemical processes?

Coarse

Hair describes the diameter of a single strand of hair as being coarse, medium, or fine.

Texture

Do not proceed with the chemical service if the hair shows signs of ___.

Breakage

Which of the following layers of hair gives the hair its strength, flexibility, elasticity, and shape?

Cortex

The relaxing products require the use of a(n) _ to chemically oxidize the hair.

Neutralizer

Hydroxide relaxers can have a pH as high as .

13.5

Waving lotions/solutions break the disulfide bonds, which is called .

Reduction

What type of substances used in chemical texture products break chemical bonds and allow for softening and expansion of the hair?

Alkaline

_ are strong alkalis that can swell the hair up to twice its normal diameter.

Hydroxide relaxers

Amino acids form proteins, and chemical reactions among proteins produce_.

peptide linkages

In the cortex layer, the hair develops and maintains its natural form by means of the physical and chemical _.

Cross-bonds

Cysteine is a(n) obtained by the reduction of cystine.

Amino acid

Which of the following is the commonly used perm rod?

Concave

The ___ wrap uses one paper folded in half over the ends of the hair.

Bookend

What type of rod is used when a definite wave pattern, close to the head, is desired?

Concave

The rod is a plastic-coated tool measuring about 12 inches with a uniform diameter along the length of the rod.

Circle

Which of the following is used to secure the hair and the rod into the desired position to prevent the curl from unwinding during a procedure?

Elastic band

What wrap can be used with short rods or short lengths of hair?

Bookend

_ are effective in helping to smooth out the wrapping of uneven hair lengths.

End papers

What type of rod is usually used for a body wave that serves as a foundation for further styling?

Large and straight

What type of rod creates a consistently sized wave from one side of the hair parting to the other?

Straight

With what wrapping method may it be difficult to control the hair?

Single-end

__ refers to the position of the perm rod or tool in relation to its base section.

Base control

Half off-base placement results in __.

Medium volume and movement

On-base placement refers to when the hair is projected about ___ beyond perpendicular.

45 degrees

When using the __ perm wrap technique, the hair is wound from the hair ends toward the scalp.

Croquignole

What type of rod is usually used for a spiral wrap?

Straight

What type of perm wrap is appropriate for long hair designs and produces a uniform curl formation from the scalp to the ends?

Spiral

What type of wrapping pattern is best to use for men's styles, as it produces a more natural-looking wave pattern?

Curvature

The ___ perm pattern will blend hair from one area to another.

Bricklay

In what wrapping pattern are all the rods within a panel positioned the same direction on equal-size bases?

Basic

Zigzag partings are also known as the ___.

Weave

Perm wraps begin with sectioning the hair into .

Panels

What type of perm wrap uses two perm rods for each parting of hair to create even curl formation on long and/or dense hair?

Piggyback

For fine hair, the diameter of the rod will be _.

Small

What types of technique increases the size of the curl as it nears the scalp area, with a tighter curl at the ends?

Croquignole perm wrap

The main active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline perms is _.

Ammonium Thioglycolate

What types of waves requires the use of an outside heat source to activate chemical reactions and processing?

Endothermic

Which of the following results in a limp or weak wave formation with undefined ridges within the S pattern?

Underprocessing

One of the benefits associated with alkaline perms are _.

strong curl patterns

Ammonia-free waves use _ to replace ammonia.

Alkanolamines

A resistant strength of permanent waving products can be used on what type of hair?

Hair with less porosity

What type of hydroxide relaxer is known as a lye relaxer?

Sodium

Calcium hydroxide relaxers require the addition of a(n) _.

Activator

Which of the following is the oldest and most commonly used chemical relaxer?

Sodium hydroxide

No-base relaxers contain a base cream that is designed to __ at body temperature.

Melt

What type of relaxer is sold in base and no-base formulas?

Hydroxide

What type of strand test is used for determining the hair's reaction to the chemical and processing time?

Relaxer

For a relaxer strand test, thread a small section of hair through a hole cut into a piece of wax paper or paper towel, and do not use ___.

Foil

The Thio relaxer product used for the partial relaxation of the hair in a curl reformation service is known as the ___.

Rearranger

In curl reformation, what solution rebuilds the broken disulfide bonds?

Neutralizer

In curl reformation, what chemical restructures the hair around perm rods?

Booster

What type of styling products is often recommended as part of the finishing process of a curl reformation?

Moisturizer

The rearranger is an ATG product in a form.

Thick cream

Relaxing products can be used to ___.

Texturize the hair

Sodium hydroxide is an extremely _ product.

Alkaline

What type of service is used to eliminate up to 95 percent of frizz and curl, last three to five months, and may cause health risks if not performed properly?

Keratin-based treatment

A _ service partially straightens the hair with the intent that it will be picked out and cut.

Chemical blowout

Thio relaxers may have a pH of _.

Above 10

The objective of a chemical blowout is to remove some but not all of the .

Curl

Texturizers and chemical blowouts are usually performed with a __ relaxer.

Thio

After a chemical blowout, the final cutting will be done with __ to even out loose or ragged ends.

Shears