Module 9 Lesson 1 and 2

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32 Terms

1
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Three Phases of Interphase(In order)

  1. G1

  2. S-Phase

  3. G2

2
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What cells does meiosis divide?

Sex Cells

3
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What cells does mitosis divide?

Somatic Cells

4
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What are the end product of meiosis?

4 haploid cells

5
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What are the end product of mitosis

2 identical daughter cells

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If you have 18 chromosomes, how many chromatids do you have?

36 chromatids

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If 2N=64 , what is the haploid number?

N=32

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A cells DNA is copied during what phase?

S-Phase

9
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Cells that are not dividing after birth are in Gap what?

Gap 0

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Prophase I is different from prophase of mitosis because every chromosome pairs with its?

Homolog or Homologous Chromosome

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What process of meiosis provides us with genetic variation?

Crossing over

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Are reproductive organs haploid or diploid?

Haploid

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A cell with a diploid number of 20 undergoes meiosis. What will this produce?

4 daughter cells and 10 chromosomes

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If N=12, What is the diploid number?

2N=24

15
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How many chromosomes are Autosomes in humans?

44

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What are the chemicals that trigger the next phase of the cell cycle?

Cyclins

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3 Parts of The Cell Cycle

  1. Interphase

  2. Mitosis

  3. Cytokinesis

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Interphase

The longest phase of the cell cycle.

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Mitosis

Division of the nucleus

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Cytokinesis

Division of the cytoplasm, end product: 2 identical daughter cells

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Gap 1

Rapid growth and metabolic activity

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Gap 2

Centrioles replicate; cell prepares for division.

23
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Factors that limit cell size

Diffusion, DNA, and Surface Area to Volume Ratio

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Fertilization

When one haploid gamete combines with another haploid gamete.

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Homologous chromosome

have the same length and have the centromere in the same place.

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What kind of proteins are found in Eukaryotic cells that allow chromatin to coil up into chromosomes?

Histone Proteins

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What is the name of the asexual process bacteria (prokaryote) undergo to reproduce?

Binary Fission

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What happens to cyclin?

It degrades

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What are the enzymes that attach to cyclins

CDK

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What are 2 known carcinogens?

UV Radiation, Smoking

31
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How Many Autosome pairs do we (as humans) have in a karyotype?

22 pairs

32
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What increases at a faster rate Surface Area or Volume?

Volume