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Three Phases of Interphase(In order)
G1
S-Phase
G2
What cells does meiosis divide?
Sex Cells
What cells does mitosis divide?
Somatic Cells
What are the end product of meiosis?
4 haploid cells
What are the end product of mitosis
2 identical daughter cells
If you have 18 chromosomes, how many chromatids do you have?
36 chromatids
If 2N=64 , what is the haploid number?
N=32
A cells DNA is copied during what phase?
S-Phase
Cells that are not dividing after birth are in Gap what?
Gap 0
Prophase I is different from prophase of mitosis because every chromosome pairs with its?
Homolog or Homologous Chromosome
What process of meiosis provides us with genetic variation?
Crossing over
Are reproductive organs haploid or diploid?
Haploid
A cell with a diploid number of 20 undergoes meiosis. What will this produce?
4 daughter cells and 10 chromosomes
If N=12, What is the diploid number?
2N=24
How many chromosomes are Autosomes in humans?
44
What are the chemicals that trigger the next phase of the cell cycle?
Cyclins
3 Parts of The Cell Cycle
Interphase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Interphase
The longest phase of the cell cycle.
Mitosis
Division of the nucleus
Cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm, end product: 2 identical daughter cells
Gap 1
Rapid growth and metabolic activity
Gap 2
Centrioles replicate; cell prepares for division.
Factors that limit cell size
Diffusion, DNA, and Surface Area to Volume Ratio
Fertilization
When one haploid gamete combines with another haploid gamete.
Homologous chromosome
have the same length and have the centromere in the same place.
What kind of proteins are found in Eukaryotic cells that allow chromatin to coil up into chromosomes?
Histone Proteins
What is the name of the asexual process bacteria (prokaryote) undergo to reproduce?
Binary Fission
What happens to cyclin?
It degrades
What are the enzymes that attach to cyclins
CDK
What are 2 known carcinogens?
UV Radiation, Smoking
How Many Autosome pairs do we (as humans) have in a karyotype?
22 pairs
What increases at a faster rate Surface Area or Volume?
Volume