Waves

transverse waves

wave which moves the medium perpendicular to wave motion

longitudinal wave

wave which moves medium parallel to wave motion

compressions

compressions as regions of higher pressure due to particles being closer together

Crest and Trough

These are locations of maximum displacemnt

Amplitude

the measurement of maximum displacement

wavelength

the distance of one complete wave cycle

laws of reflection

the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection

the incident, reflected ray and the normal all lie in the same place

what is a virtual image

This is an image that appears to be formed behind the mirror

properties of an image on a plane mirror

image size is equal to object size

image is virtual ,laterally inverted and upright

Refraction

This is the change in direction of light ray as it changes form one medium to another

Refractive index

This is the ratio of the speed of a wave in two different regions

Dispersion of light

this is the refraction of white light by a glass prism

Critical angle

This is the angle of incidence at which the angle of rarefaction is 90degrees and above all the light is totally internally reflected

what are the seven colors of the visible spectrum in order

red

Orange

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Do all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum?

Yes

the speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum

3.0×10^8m/s

radio waves ,use

radio and television ,transmissions, radar

microwaves , use

satellite television, mobile (cell) phone, microwave ovens

infrared , use

remote controllers for televisions, thermal imaging

visible light , use

vision, photography

ultraviolet , use

detecting fake bank notes

X-rays , use

medical scanning , security scanners

gamma rays , use

detection of cancer and its treatment

ultraviolet ,harmful effects

leads to skin cancer , and eye conditions

x-rays , harmful effects

mutations , cataracts

the highest frequency for a healthy human ear

20,000Hz

the lowest frequency for a healthy human ear

20Hz

is a medium needed to transmit sound waves, yes or no

yes

how does frequency affect the pitch of sound

A high frequency means the waves are close together, creating a high pitch .A low frequency means the waves are spread apart, creating a low pitch

how does amplitude affect the pitch of sound

A larger amplitude makes a louder sound because the wave has more energy. A smaller amplitude makes a quieter or softer

what is an echo?

This is reflected sound

what is ultrasound?

This is sound with a frequency higher than 20kHz

In which medium does sound travel fastest?

Solids

In which medium does sound travel slowest?

gases

rarefactions

rarefactions as regions of lower pressure due to particles being spread further apart