PSIO - Lecture 1.1: Introduction to A & P and Levels of Biological Organization

Anatomy

The Study of Body Structures

Physiology

The Study of Body Functions

Structure without function is _____.

“empty”

Function without structure is _____.

“without mechanism”

What is science?

It’s a way to determine what is ‘fact’

and to develop concepts.

What are the Characteristics of Living Systems?

Metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth and differentiation, and reproduction.

Metabolism

The sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body.

What are the parts of metabolism?

Catabolism and anabolism

Catabolism

The breakdown of large molecules into small ones.

Anabolism

The construction of larger molecules from small ones.

Responsiveness

The ability to respond to change in the internal or external environment.

What movement is at any structural level?

The body, an organ, a cell or cell component

What does the growth in the characteristics of living systems do?

Increase in number or size (growth) of cells or the material found between cells.

What does the differentiation in the characteristics of living systems do?

Specialization (differentiation) of cells for a specific function.

Reproduction

Formation of new cells and the formation of new individuals.

What are the levels of Structural Organization?

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and organismic.

Chemical Level

Atomic and molecular level.

Cellular Level

Smallest living unit of the body.

Tissue Level

Group of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together on one task.

Organ Level

Grouping of 2 or more tissue types into a recognizable structure with specific function.