Tourism Final Nov ‘25

What is a global event?

A happening or occurrence of international importance because it will affect the whole world.

Global Events: Sporting events

Olympic games - Summer and winter games every four years

Wimbledon (tennis)

Tour de france(cycling)

Fifa world cup - every 4 years

Comrades marathon - 90km and between durban and pietermaritzburg.

World cup rugby and cricket.

Examples of other

G-7 is an intergovernmental organisation that meets annually to address international economic and monetary issues.

G-7 countries are the UK, USA, Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan and france.

COP (Conference of the parties) - deals with climate change

The advantages of global events for the host country

1. Development of infrastructure

2. Investments - good publicity improves the reputation which may lead to increased investments.

3. Foreign exchange income

4. The multiplier effect

5. GDP increases

6. Job creation

7. Increased national pride

8. Publicity for the country

Disadvantages of global events for a host country

1. High cost of new infrastructure

2. Disappointing investment and foreign exchange income

3. Increased cost of goods and services

4. Multiplier effect and economic leakages

5. Increased crime, pollution and traffic

Definition of political situations

Refers to political happenings in a country

Definition of unforeseen occurance

Events that are unpredictable.

The impact of political situations on international tourism and the economy

Tourists will be discouraged from travelling to a country because they feel unsafe.

Tourists look to different countries which are safe.

Less foreign exchange earnings

Airlines could suspend their flights

The impact of unforeseen occurences on international tourism and the economy

Tourists planning to visit an affected country will cancel their trip.

Tourists in the affected country will leave as soon as possible.

Infrastructure will be damaged.

Destruction of flora and fauna (plants and animals)

A decline in foreign tourist arrivals will result in decreased foreign income

Job losses

Intineraries definition

A typed day to day schedule of dates, time, transportation, accomodation and attractions of the day.

General IT VS Personal IT

General IT:

For groups

Individual needs are not catered for

Written in paragraphs

Creative writing needed to make it sound interesting

Personal IT:

Drawn up for individuals/ couples/ family

Needs and preferences are taken into account

Set out in a table with columns

Short, to the point.

Factors to consider when drawing up an IT

Time

Tour objectives

Tour info

Tour route

Tourist info

Tour sequence

Tour budget

Meals

Other ( time differences, delays, money, medication )

Tour budget meaning

Document that specifies the costs of the tour

Factors influencing development of a budget

Type of tour

The tour group

Transport

Accommodation

Sundry expenses

Definition of infectious diseases

Can be transmitted from one person to another after consuming contaminated food and water.

WHO

World Health Organization. They will notify a country on any event that may result in public health emergence.

Travel clinics

These provide up-to-date specialised travel healthcare, free advice on high risk areas, vaccines, preventative medicine(prophylaptic)

Cholera

Caught from both food and water, mainly in rural areas.

Boil the water.

Don’t buy food from street vendors.

Diarrhoea

Typhoid fever

Contaminated food and water

Vaccine is available

Yellow fever

From mosquito bites in tropical areas

Compulsory vaccination

Malaria

Life threatning

From a female mosquito

Take malaria tablets, mosquito net, lotion, arm bands and citronella.

Zika virus

Affects pregnant women and their babies

Bilharzios

Itchy skin rash

Fever

Cough

Headaches

Dont swim in lakes and rivers

Boil your water to drink and bath

Go to the doctor for medicine

Safety measures at the airport

Dont leave your luggage unattended

Dont offer to carry anything for another passenger

Ensure that your bags have lables inside and outside.

Have locks on your luggage.

Safety tips in the car

Service the vehicles before traveling

Dont display valuables in the vehicle

Always be aware of your surroundings

Keep to a well-lit and marked streets

Dont give lifts to strangers

Safety tips at a hotel

Keep your hotel room door locked at all times.

Use the safe available to keep your valuables

IDP

International Drivers Permit

Can be attained at the AA (Automobile Association)

Valid passport

A compulsory document issued by home affairs that shows your nationality/identity and allows you to leave your country

Requirements for obtaining a passport

2 colour ID photos

Fill in the application form

Make an appointment at home affairs

Pay a fee

Have you real ID with you

Visa

a stamp in your passport that allows you to enter another country

Schengan visa

For 15 countries in Europe

Transit visa

Allows you to get off a plane, enter the airport and wait for your connecting flight.

Requirements for a visa

Valid passport

3x Bank statements

Airplane ticket

Atleast two unused pages in your passport

Visa application form

Copy of your itinerary

2 colour ID photos

A letter from your employer stating that you work for the company and will be returning to work.

Payment of your visa

Health certificates

Issued by WHO. A compulsory travel document for yellow fever.

Green sign

Nothing to declare

Red sign

There is something to be declared

Duty free

It is a shop at the airport/cruise ships that you can buy goods such as perfume or alcohol that you do not pay VAT on

SARS

They are in control of customs

Prohibited goods

Goods never allowed to enter or leave SA. (fireworks, flammable liquids, poison, electric shock weapons, gas and hoverboards)

Restricted goods

Goods that are allowed to enter/exit SA under certain conditions

Restricted goods are..

Currency- no more than R25k, foreign currency about $10k and no gold coins

Endangered plants and species - If they are on the endangered list, they are restricted

Food, plants and animals - All plants or plant products (aswell as dairy products)

Consumable goods

You are limited on consumable goods (200 cigarettes, 20 cigars, 2 litres of wine, 1 litre of spiritz, 50ml on perfume.)

Advantages using daylight savings time

Saves electricity

Fewer road accidents because it stays brighter outside for much longer

The day is longer, therefore allowing you to visit more attractions and do more activities

Shops stay open longer - more time for tourists to shop.

Jet lag

The extreme tiredness and other physical effects felt by a person after a long flight across many time zones.

Jet fatigue

When you move upwards or downwards

Symptoms of Jet lag

Temporary insomnia

Tiredness

Irritable

Swelling in feet and ankles

Confusion

Constipation

Headaches

How to avoid jet lag

Do not drink alcohol or coffee

Drink plenty of water

Walk around the plane

In your seat, do some exercises

Do not take a sleeping tablet

Nap for about an hour

Wear comfortable clothes

Do not eat too much

STATSSA

Stats are collected by them

Foreign market share

Portion of tourist arrivals into a country and the amount of money they expand whilst in one country

Land and air markets

Land markets are countries where at least 60% of arrivals from the country arrive by land.

Air markets are countries where atleast 60% of arrivals arrive from the air.

Source market

The main areas from which international/tourists are visiting SA

Factors contribution to a successful tourist attraction

1. Excellent marketing of tourism products locally

2. Excellent marketing of tourism products internationally

3. Efficiency of staff and management

4. Ethical behaviour of staff and management

5. Sustainable and responsible management plans

6. Positive experience of visitors

7. Safety

8. Crime prevention

9. General appearance and upkeep of attraction

10. Considering the needs of people with disabilities

11. Universal access

Characteristics of a successful tourist attraction

Actual number of visitors exceeds the target number of visitors.

Repeat visits

Income generated exceeds target figures

Positive impact on local community and environment

The three markets

Core market: best market as far as arrivals are concerned

Investment market: Can grow in the future and become important

Tactical markets: less attractive by may be developed

Awards

Welcome awards, as well as Lilizela Awards recognises tourism businesses that are excellent hosts and raise the level of customer service.

ETEYA - Emerging Tourism Entreprenuer of the Year Award

TGCSA - Tourism Grading Council of South Africa

Opportunities to market SA internationally

ITB Berlin - in march

WTM - World Travel Market, annual event in november

Funding for SATourism

TOMSA (Tourism Levy South Africa)

National trade shows

Indaba - in may and in Durban

Local trade shows

The Getaway show:

The Cape Town Getaway show - in march

The Gauteng Getaway show - in October

Forex

Paper currency used to make payments between countries

Currency conversion

The practice of converting one currency into another

Rate of exchange

The value of one country’s currency in terms of or in relation to another currency

Fluctuations of Rate of exchange

Currency rates ranging from being high to low to higher to lower

BSR and BBR

The rate at which the forex dealers sell foreign currency (BSR)

The rate at which the forex dealers buy the foreign currency (BBR)

Where to exchange currency

Major branches of banks

Foreign exchange Bureau’s at airports or shopping malls

Some 5-star hotels

Cruise ships

GDP

The total value of goods produced in a country in one year

Benefits of the GDP

Income generation

Employment

Improvement to infrastructure

Skills development

Weak ZAR

More foreign tourists arriving to SA.

Foreign tourists get more rand for their currency

Tourists have more money to spend during their visits.

The length pf stay will be longer

Leads to an increase in GDP

Leads to job creation

The strength of the rand is influenced by

Discovery of minerals

Political instability

Time of the year

Positive image and reporting

Economic stability

EFT

Electronic fund is the electronic exchange/transfer of money from one account to another

SWIFT

A worldwide money transfer where you can transfer your money electronically and quickly

Internet payments

Transfering money through the internet

Factors that will attract environmentally friendly tourists

Market destination as environmentally friendly

Ensure that environment is clean

Use rain water or solar panels

Recycle projects

Support local projects

6 principles of FTT (Fair Trade in Tourism)

Sustainability

Reliability

Transparency

Respect

Democracy

Fair compensation

Three pillars of sustainable tourism

Social

Economically

Environment

What is sustainable tourism

Tourism that takes current and future economic, social and environmental impacts into account

Carbon footprint

This is the total amount of greenhouse gas that a person or business produced in a given time

Environmental

Electricity: environmentally friendly light bulds, keycards for electricity, solar panels

Water: encourage guests to shower instead of bathing

Recycle, reuse, reduce

Do not litter

Economy

Jobs are created

Investments

Local procurement (when goods are bought locally)

People

Job opportunities

Tourism creates awareness of different traditions, cultures and art forms which promotes understanding and balance

The local community learns to take pride in their culture

Skills training

CSI

The voluntary support that businesses give to the communities they operate in

Financial support and non-financial support

Financial support:

Health care

Education

Non-financial support:

Feeding schemes

Donations of equipment/furniture

What is code of conduct

A binding agreement between the employee and the employer

Purpose of the code of conduct

Tells you what is the expected conduct of employees

Provides guidance to staff on ethical issues and behaviour

Protects the business from being sued

Creates a good workspace and public relations

Contract of employment

A signed contract between an employer and an employee which refers to the terms under which one in employed.

These terms protect both employer and employee against abuse in the workplace

Info in the contract

1. Workhours

2. Uniform allowance

3. Leave

4. Travel benefits

5. Core duties

6. Fringe benefits

7. Accountability and responsibility

8. Remuneration

9. Termination

10. Ethics

The image on the company

Logo

Name

Slogan

Stationary: contains the name and logo of the business

Website

Employees of the company

Should look professional and acceptable at all times

Deliver excellent service

Well trained

Well-groomed, limited makeup and jewellery

Suit image of the company

Talk loud and clearly

Show respect and avoid bad habits

Physical packaging

Name boards: indicates where the place is

Premises: well-maintained

Interior decor: compliments the company/ stylish

Marketing material

Advertisements: good to look at and comprehensive

Environmental policy

Clients: carry out an environmentally friendly message

CSR

The purpose of Customer feedback

1. Innovation

2. External feedback on achievement

3. To retain tourists

4. Prior notice

Methods to obtain client feedback

Surveys: surveys focus on the tourists opinion on the level of service delivery and the quality of the products

Indicates which areas need improvement

Questionnaire: Specifically formulated to obtain specific information from clients via email, telephone, etc.

Customer feedback cards: These cards are usually put into a box at the entrance or exit of the company, hotel, guest house

Follow-up calls: Employees of the company will contact clients to ask about the level of service

SMS
Web-based answers: Clients visit the company website and complete questionnaires online, and a comment can be left on their website regarding their service

Analysing customer feedback

1. Study the feedback

2. Identify the most common complaints

3. Decide on a plan of action

4. Start the intervention process

The impact of quality service

1. Increased visits

2. Loyal customers

3. Increased public image

4. More effective workers

5. Motivated staff

6. Lower marketing expenses

UNESCO

United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation

The role of UNESCO

To maintain and protect the status of WHS.

Assistance with upgrading of facilities in the event of an unforeseen occurrence.

Education/create awareness

Encourage the local population to preserve their cultural and natural heritage

Cradle of humankind

• Gauteng, Limpopo, and north west

• Cultural

• Made up of five different fossil bearing cave sites namely Sterkfontein.

• Western cape

• Cultural

• Known for the prison where Nelson Mandela spent much of his 27 years of imprisonment.

Isimangaliso Wetland Park

• Kwazulu natal

• Natural

• Has five interlinked ecosystems and it is the last place on earth where giant leatherback and loggerhead turtles still nest.