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Alkene
Preparation of haloalkane using addition reaction with HCl (g)
Alcohol
Preparation of haloalkane using substitution with PCl5, PCl3 SOCl2
Alcohol
Substitution of haloalkane plus NaOH or KOH produces...
Amine
Substitution of haloalkane plus NH3 (alc) produces...
Alkene
Elimination of haloalkane plus NaOH (alc) or KOH (alc)
5
Aldehydes with C chains less than _ are soluble
Higher
B.P. of aldehyde _ _ _ _ _ _ than corresponding alkanes but lower than alcohols
Cis
Isomer with same group on same side
Trans
Isomer with same group on different sides
Addition
Reaction where double bond is broken and atoms are added into the molecule
Elimination
Reaction where atoms are removed from molecule and a double bond forms
Oxidation
Reaction where molecule gains an O atom or loses an H atom
Substitution
Reaction where atom in a molecule are exchanged for other atoms
Alkane
Addition reaction of alkene and hygrogen produces an...
Haloalkane
Addition reaction of alkene and a halide produces a...
Alcohol
Addition reaction of alkene and water (requires H2SO4) produces
Polymerisation
Adding together many molecules of ethene to form long chain molecules called polymers
Markovnikov's Rule
Determines the major and minor product of an addition reaction involving an unsymmetrical alkene. Rich gets richer.
Alkene
Functional group is carbon-carbon double bond.
Suffix -ene
Alkyne
Functional group is carbon-carbon triple bond.
Suffix -yne
Alcohol
Functional group is hydroxyl group -OH
Suffix -anol
4
Alcohols up to _ carbons long are soluble in mater because they can establish a hygrogen bond with a neighbouring water molecule.
Primary Alcohol
Oxidised to form aldehydes then further to form carboxylic acid (use Cr2O7 2-/H+ acidified dichromate or MnO4-/H+ permanganate)
Secondary Alcohol
Oxidise to form ketones (use Cr2O7 2-/H+ acidified dichromate or MnO4-/H+ permanganate)
Substitution
Preparation of alcohol usuing NaOH or KOH
Addition
Preparation of alcohol using H2SO4 (hydration)
Chloroalkane
Product of substitution reaction of alcohol using PCl5, PCl3 or SOCl2
Alkene
Product of elimination reaction of alcohol and conc. H2SO4
Ester
Product of esterification of alcohol and carboxylic acid with conc. H2SO4
Haloalkane
Contain a halogen attached to one of the carbons. Prefix of -fluoro, -chloro, -bromo, or -iodo
Aldehyde
Functional group is C=O at end of carbon chain
Suffix -anal
Ketone
Functional group is C=O not on the end of carbon chain
Suffix -one
Amine
Functional group is carbon to nitrogen bond C-N
Suffix -amine or prefix -amino
Amine
Prepared using substitution of haloalkane and NH3 (alc)
Accept
Amines _ _ _ _ _ _ protons from water as they are weak bases
