Radiology final

Radiation

What is a form of energy carried by waves or streams of particles?

Radiation

A picture on film produced by the passage of X-rays through an object or body?

Radiograph

Who exposed the first dental radiograph in the United States using a living person?

Edmund Kells

The nucleus of an atom contains what?

Protons and Neutrons

What part of the X-ray tube restricts the size of the X-ray beam?

the lead collimator

What type of radiation is the most detrimental to the patient and the operator?

Scatter radiation

What is the most common possibility when an X-ray photon interacts with matter?

Compton scatter

what is the measurement of force that refers to the potential difference between two electrical charges?

voltage

Exposure time is measured in what?

impulses

milliamperage controls which part of a produced x-ray?

quantity

What do milliamperes regulate?

quantity of electrons produced by the cathode filament

If your patient is larger than average, what must be adjusted before taking the x-ray?

increase the impulses

what does total dose refer to?

the amount of radiation that is received or absorbed

Are changes from somatic irradiation transmitted to future generations?

No

1 gray is equal to?

100 RADs

What does the lead collimator do?

restricts the size and shape of the x-ray beam

The lead apron is recommended for what?

all x-rays

what is the fastest dental film?

F-speed

Radiation monitoring includes monitoring of what?

both equipment and personnel

what does MPD mean?

the maximum permissible dose

the PID is an extension of what?

the tube head

what is a disposable Styrofoam bite block?

Stabe bite block

what is a common beam alignment device?

Rinn XCP

the film base contains a suspension of what?

millions of silver halide crystals

where is the latent image stored?

silver halide crystals in the film

which side of the film would you place toward the patient’s teeth?

the solid white side

the label side of the dental film packet is:

color coded to identify film speed and 1 vs 2 film packets

what type of x-ray shows the apex of the roots of the teeth?

periapical and occlusal

what size film would you use on an adult?

#2

what is used to make an identical copy on an intraoral or extraoral film?

duplicating film

where should film be stored?

cool and dry space

what is the image on a radiographic film after exposure, but before processing?

latent image

if you have taken 4 bitewings and after developing 3 are fine, but the corner of 1 is black, what happened?

darkroom door was opened before the last film was completely in the processor

how often do we replenish our fixer and developer solutions?

daily

should the fixer and developer be changed at the same time?

yes

what does reticulation mean?

the film appears cracked

what is the process by which information is exchanged between two or more people?

communication

who should answer questions about diagnosing film?

dentist

when should we take x-rays on our pediatric patients?

as needed by the individual child

all dental x-rays taken in your practice belong to whom?

dentist

how do we calm the fears of our patient about the need for x-rays?

patient education

informed consent must be:

in a language that the patient understands

who is allowed to sign an informed consent for a minor?

legal guardian

what are microorganisms capable of causing disease called?

pathogens

which parts of the x-ray machine must be covered or disinfected?

control panel, exposure button, tubehead, PID

what would you ask the patient to remove before taking an x-ray?

chewing gum, eyeglasses, and dentures

what type of image is used to evaluate the crown, root, an supporting bone of the tooth?

periapical

what two methods can be used for taking a periapical?

bisecting and paralleling

is a panoramic an extraoral or intraoral image?

extraoral

what intraoral film could you take to see and patients mandible?

occlusal

what is included in a Rinn XCP instrument?

aiming rings which aid in the alignment of the PID

when using film, where should you place the dot on the receptor?

in the slot