Government EOC Review

Government EOC Flashcards

What is the Constitution?

Supreme law of the land; protects individual rights.

what is a republic?

A government in which citizens have a say.

WHat is the Bill of Rights?

The first ten amendments to the Constitution.

The three Branches of Government

Legislative, Executive, and Judicial.

Federalism

Division of power between federal and state governments.

Connecticut Compromise

Created a two-house legislature with Senate (equality) and House (population).

Preamble

A promise for what our government would do.

Declaration of Independence Author

Thomas Jefferson

Marbury v. Madison

Gave the courts power to review government actions (judicial review).

1st Amendment

Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.

2nd Amendment

Freedom to bear arms.

Emancipation Proclamation

Abolished slavery in Union states.

Separation of Powers

Division of government into 3 branches.

Total Number of Amendments

27

Constitutionality Decider

Supreme Court

Checks and Balances

Ways for each branch to balance power among one another.

Gerrymandering

Strategic redrawing of electoral districts for political benefit.

House of Representatives

435 members, 25 years minimum age, 2-year terms.

Senate

100 members, 30 years minimum age, 6-year terms.

President

35 years minimum age, 4-year term, natural-born citizen.

Constituents

Voters - people who give their vote to the country

Conference Committee

Irons out differences in bills between Senate and House.

Bill Signing

When a president signs a bill it becomes a law

Vice President’s Job

President of the Senate, aide to the President, counts the electoral votes.

House and Senate Top Positions

House majority leader and President pro tempore

Executive Order

Temporary order with the force of law

Supreme Court Judge Nomination

President appoints, Senate confirms.

Veto Override

House and Senate can override with a ⅔ vote.

Presidential Election

The electoral college elects the president

Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

Helps the President administer the federal budget.

Highest Court

The Supreme Court

Original Jurisdiction

The Supreme Court and federal district courts

Dobbs v. Jackson

Overturned Roe v. Wade; allows states to decide on abortion rights.

Miranda v. Arizona

Established rights that must be read to a detainee upon arrest.

Plessy v. Ferguson

Established 'separate but equal.'

Brown v. Board of Education

Reversed Plessy v. Ferguson.

Supreme Court Justices

Nine: one Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices.

Supreme Court Nominations

The President nominates, with Senate confirmation.

Governor's Role

Commander of the state militia.

Civil Cases

Case heard by a judge or jury.

Rule of Law

Everyone must obey the law, regardless of position.