Resources from Sedimentary Rocks

Nonmetallic Mineral Resources

Earth materials that are not used as fuels or processed for the metals they contain. They are extracted and processed either for the nonmetallic elements they contain or for the physical and chemical properties they possess

11 metric tons

How much is the per capita consumption of non-fuel resources in the United States of which more than 94 percent are nonmetallic minerals?

10 metric tons
11 metric tons
12 metric tons
14 metric tons

Building Materials
Industrial Minerals

What are the 2 major dividion of nonmetallic minerals?

Quadrillion Btu

A convenient unit for referring to U.S. energy use as a whole.

Million buT
Billion Btu
Trillion Btu
Quadrillion Btu

15th

Quadrillion Btu is 10 raised to _____ power.

13th
14th
15th
16th

Hydrogen Sulfide

Which does not belong to the following emissions that affect the environment and human health Due to burning fossil fuel?

Carbon Dioxide
Sulfur Dioxide
Hydrogen Sulfide
Nitrogen Oxide

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

The primary greenhouse gas produced from the burning of fossil fuels, which plays a significant role in the heating of our atmosphere

Carbon Dioxide
Sulfur Dioxide
Nitrogen Oxide

Sulfur dioxide (SO2)

Emission produced due to burning fossil fuels which contributes to acid rain and respiratory illnesses

Carbon Dioxide
Sulfur Dioxide
Hydrogen Sulfide
Nitrogen Oxide

Nitrogen oxides (NOx)

Emission produced due to burning fossil fuels which contribute to smog and respiratory illnesses


Carbon Dioxide
Sulfur Dioxide
Hydrogen Sulfide
Nitrogen Oxide

Coal

A resource that mainly formed from plant material that accumulated in swampy environments on land.

Oil and Natural Gas

Are biological products derived mainly from microscopic marine plankton in ancient seas millions of years ago.

Oil Trap

A geologic environment that allows for economically significant amounts of oil and gas to accumulate under- ground


Oil trap
Cap rock
Source rock
Reservoir rock

Oil trap

A geologic environment that allows for economically significant amounts of oil and gas to accumulate under- ground


Oil trap
Cap rock
Source rock
Reservoir rock

Source Rock

A rock rich in organic matter which, if heated sufficiently, will generate oil or gas.

Oil trap
Cap rock
Source rock
Reservoir rock

Reservoir Rock

A rock that is sufficiently porous and permeable to store and yield petroleum and natural gas.

Oil trap
Cap rock
Source rock
Reservoir rock

Cap Rock

A barrier above the reservoir rock that impedes the migration of fluid or gas out of intended trap due to its low permeability. A harder or more resistant rock type overlying a weaker or less resistant rock type.


Oil trap
Cap rock
Source rock
Reservoir rock

Source rock

A sandstone is a/an

Oil trap
Cap rock
Source rock
Reservoir rock

Cap rock

A shale is a/an

Oil trap
Cap rock
Source rock
Reservoir rock

Reservoir rock

A limestone is a/an

Oil trap
Cap rock
Source rock
Reservoir rock

Anticline
Fault Trap
Salt Dome
Stratigraphic Trap

Give the 4 common geologic traps for oil and natural gas.

Anticline

An up-arched series of sedimentary strata where rising oil and gas collect at the top of the fold.

Fault Trap

When strata are displaced so that a dipping reservoir rock abuts an impermeable bed.

Salt Dome

A type of geological structure where a rock layer has pushed up into the rock layer above in a typically spherical shape. This structure is also an excellent trap for oil and natural gas.

Stratigraphic Trap

Results primarily from the original pattern of sedimentation rather than from structural deformation.

Sometimes False

Whatever the type of trap, when drilling punctures the lid created by the cap rock, the oil and natural gas, which are under pressure, migrate from the pore spaces of the reservoir rock to the drill pipe. On rare occasions, when fluid pressure is great, it may force oil up the drill hole to the surface, causing a "gusher" at the surface. Usually, however, a pump is required to extract the oil.

A "pump" is always required to extract the oil.

True
False
Sometimes True
Sometimes False

Hydraulic Fracturing (Fracking)

The process of injecting liquid mostly water with some chemicals at a high pressure so as to force open existing fissures and extract oil or gas from a shale.

Fracking

Hydraulic Fracturing is also known as

Toxic

During hydraulic fracturing, aside from the liquid water that is injected into the shale, it also includes chemicals that may be _________.

Underground Water Contamination
Induced Seismicity (Earthquake)

What are the 2 major effects of Hydraulic Fracturing AKA fracking?

Hydraulic Fracturing (Fracking)

This well-stimulation process is commonly used in low-permeability rocks such as
shale to increase oil and/or natural gas production.

Edwin Drake

The first successful oil well was completed on August 27, 1859 in Titusville, Pennsylvania was completed by

Edwin Dakes
Drake Edwin
Edwin Drake
Dakes Edwin

20.7 m (69 ft)

The Oil-bearing strata of the first successful oil well in Titusville, Pennsylvania on August 27,1859 were encountered at a depth of _______?


20.6 m (69 ft)
20.7 m (69 ft)
69 m ( 20.6 ft)
69 m (20.7 ft)

Electricity and Smelting

What is the primary use of coal?

Electricity and Smelting

Wyoming

Largest producer of Coal in United States. It is home to the eight largest mines in
the country. More than 90 percent of the coal produced in the United States is used for the generation of electric- ity.

California
Las Vegas
Wyoming
Hawaii

Sub-bituminous

What type of coal is being mined in Semirara?

Philippines consumes more coal than it can produce
and coal is the main source of electricity.

Semirara Mining Corporation

The largest coal producer in the country. The company accounts for 92% of the country's coal production according to the Department of Energy.

Malangas Coal Reservation

A Coal Reservation in Zamboanga Sibugay, Philippines exploited by the Philippine National Oil Company - Exploration Corporation (PNOC-EC).

Philippine National Oil Company - Exploration Corporation (PNOC-EC).

The Malangas Coal Reservation is exploited by what company?

Surface and Subsurface Mining

What are the 2 ways of extracting coal?

Semi-anthracite

What kind of coal is present in the Malangas Coal Reservation?