1.1 Humanistic Theories - Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering Maslow's hierarchy of needs and core humanistic psychology concepts from the notes.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A motivational theory proposing that human needs are arranged in a hierarchical order from physiological needs to transcendence, with self-actualization and transcendence at the top.

1: Physiological needs

The lowest level of Maslow's hierarchy: air, water, food, shelter, sleep, clothing, reproduction.

2: Safety needs

Basic needs for personal security, employment, resources, health, and property.

3: Love and belonging needs

Need for friendship, intimacy, family, and sense of connection.

4: Esteem needs

Need for respect, self-esteem, status, recognition, strength, and freedom.

5: Self-actualization

Desire to become the best that one can be.

6: Transcendence

Reaching one’s full potential and helping others reach theirs.

Person-centered perspective

Carl Rogers' approach emphasizing acceptance, genuineness, and empathy in therapy and counseling.

A: Accepting

Unconditional positive regard; Acceptance and love of a person as they are, without judgments; fosters personal growth and self-acceptance.

G: Genuine

Openness, transparency, and honesty in interactions.

E: Empathetic

Reflecting feelings to understand another's experience.

Self-actualizing tendency

The drive in every individual to grow, develop, and reach their fullest potential.

Humanistic psychology

A school of psychology emphasizing human potential, personal growth, and self-actualization.

Strengths of humanistic theories

Positive impact on counseling, education, child-raising, and management; emphasizes a positive self-concept as a key to happiness and success.

Limitations of humanistic theories

Concepts are vague and subjective; too naive about the reality of human capacity for evil.

Self-actualized characteristics

Traits Maslow attributed to self-actualized people (e.g., perceiving reality clearly, accepting self and others, spontaneity, problem-focused, open to spiritual experiences, and democratic, non-prejudiced).

Carl Rogers

Humanistic psychologist known for the person-centered perspective emphasizing unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and empathy. (AGE)