VET-104: Integumentary

Three primary layers of the skin

Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis

Epithelial tissue type forming the epidermis

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Connective tissue type forming the dermis

Dense irregular connective tissue

Primary tissue components of the hypodermis

Loose connective tissue and adipose tissue

Five epidermal layers from deep to superficial

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum

Epidermal layer present only in thick skin

Stratum lucidum

Primary epidermal cells responsible for producing keratin

Keratinocytes

Epidermal cells responsible for producing pigment

Melanocytes

Epidermal cells responsible for touch perception

Merkel cells

Epidermal cells responsible for immune defense

Langerhans cells

Two structural layers comprising the dermis

Papillary layer and reticular layer

Pressure receptor located in the hypodermis

Pacinian corpuscle

Three types of loose connective tissue

Areolar, adipose, and reticular tissue

Four primary body membrane types

Mucous, serous, cutaneous, and synovial membranes

Primary difference in site of secretion between eccrine and apocrine sweat glands

Eccrine glands secrete directly onto the skin surface, whereas apocrine glands secrete into hair follicles

Secretory product of sebaceous glands

Sebum

Mode of secretion utilized by sebaceous glands

Holocrine secretion

Three structural layers of hair

Cuticle, cortex, and medulla

Three sequential phases of hair growth

Anagen, catagen, and telogen

Distinctions among first, second, and third intention wound healing

First intention: wound edges are brought together. Second intention: wound edges remain apart, healing by granulation and scarring. Third intention: delayed primary closure.

Number of epidermal layers found in paw pads

All 5 layers

Epidermal layers present in the canine planum nasale

3 layers (stratum basale, stratum spinosum, and stratum corneum)

Three cutaneous pouches in sheep

Infraorbital, interdigital, and inguinal pouches

Digit corresponding to the canine dewclaw

1st digit

Three primary external parts of the equine hoof

Wall, sole, and frog

Structural and developmental differences between horns and antlers

Horns are epidermal in origin, made of keratin, and grow continuously; antlers are dermal in origin, made of bone, and are shed annually