hard tooth tissue reduction

hard tooth tissue reduction

REGRESSIVE CHANGES  in the dental tissues include variety of alterations which are not necessarily related either etiologically or pathologically (no developmental anomaly)

degenerating alterations of the teeth

1. GENERAL AGING process of the individual

2. RESULT of INJURY to the tissue

general aging

individual

result

injury

tissue

DEGENERATING ALTERATIONS OF THE TEETH

1. ________________ process of the ___________

2. ________ of ______ to the ________

attrition

PHYSIOLOGIC wearing away of tooth as a result of tooth-tooth contact as in mastication

contact

occlusion

adjacent

opposing

ATTRITION begins at the time of _______ or __________ and occurs between _________ and ___________ teeth

deciduous teeth

amelogenesis imperfecta

dentinogenesis imperfecta

ATTRITION

• both dentitions are affected but RARELY seen in ______________, unless they suffer from _____________________ or ______________________

incisal

occlusal

proximal

CLASSIFICATION OF ATTRITION ACCORDING TO LOCATION

physiology

a branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts

cuspal interdigitation

cusp to fossa relationship

dentinal tubules

microscopic tube within dentin that spreads outward from tooth centre

odontoblastic process/ tome’s process

cells that produce dentin

tendril

a slender threadlike attachment

secondary dentin

when primary dentin is exposed

tertiary dentin

when the dentin experiences trauma

coarseness of diet

habit

certain occupations

ETIOLOGY OF ATTRITION

occlusal rubber splint for bruxism

fillings, restoration, and bridges

TREATMENT OF ATTRITION

abrasion

PATHOLOGIC wearing away of tooth substance through some ABNORMAL MECHANICAL PROCESSES

exposed root surfaces

incisal

proximal surface

ABRASION

• usually occurs on the ___________________, but under certain circumstances may also be seen on the _______ or _______________

use of abrasive dentrifice

most common cause of root abrasion

correct the faulty habit (faulty toothbrushing)

treatment of abrasion

reactive

response

reparative dentin

other names for tertiary dentin

tertiary dentin

formed in reaction to trauma such as caries or restorative procedure

pulp-dentin border

TERTIARY DENTIN is formed on the __________________

erosion

loss of tooth substance by CHEMICAL PROCESS that does not involve known bacterial action

occlusal

EROSION does not occur on the _________ surface

gastric hydrochloric acid

anorexia nervosa

ETIOLOGY OF EROSION:

• chronic vomiting affecting the lingual surfaces of anterior teeth resulting to loss of enamel due to ___________________(common in Px with ______________)

local acidosis

traumatogenic occlusion

ETIOLOGY OF EROSION:

• decalcification due to _______________ in periodontal tissues resulting from damage due to __________________

alkaline toothpaste

filling

TREATMENT OF EROSION:

• Use soft TOOTHBRUSH with __________________

• _________

abfraction

Pathologic loss of tooth substance caused by BIOMECHANICAL LOADING FORCES that result in flexure and failure of enamel and dentin at a location away from the loading

ab

away

fractio

breaking

ABFRACTION (AF)

• Derived from Latin words “___” or _____, and “_______” or _________

hyperoccluded

cervical region

ETIOLOGY OF ABFRACTION:

1. Suggested that when a tooth is ______________, the masticatory forces are transmitted to this tooth, which in turn transfers this energy to the _______________

compressive stress

bends

tensile stress

microfractures

perpendicular

long axis

CEJ

ETIOLOGY OF ABFRACTION:

2. Lateral force produces _______________ on the side toward which the tooth ______ and the _____________ is on the other side; 

• These stresses create ______________ in the enamel or dentin at the cervical region; 

• Fracture propagate in a direction _______________ to the _________ of the tooth, leading to a localized defect around the ______

cervical region

wedge-shaped

sharp

CLINICAL FEATURES OF ABFRACTION

1. present primarily at the ________________

2. typically _____________, with _______ internal and external line angle

single tooth

malposed

faulty restoration

antagonist

below

gingival margin

bruxism

parafunctional habits

CLINICAL POINTS CAN BE USED TO DIAGNOSE ABFRACTION:

1. involving _________ (tooth brush abrasion involves multiple teeth)

2. ___________ involved tooth

3. _________________ of an ___________

4. presence of cervical lesion________ the _____________, the area which is normally protected from abrasive action

5. history of _________ or ____________________

treatment of abfraction

1. Restoration

2. Occlusal Adjustments

3. Occlusal Splints

4. Elimination Of Parafunctional Habits 

5. Altering Tooth Brushing Techniques

dentinal tubules

odontoblastic process

secondary dentin

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF ABRASION

• exposure to ______________ and consequent irritation of __________________ may stimulate formation of ________________